Title: Default for LIBR Academic Integrity Tutorial Preview
Course: Library Instruction Tutorials

Q: True or false? Taking advantage of online tools, such as Son of Citation Machine, Citation Wizard, Zotero, Mendeley, or EndNote Web to cite sources is an academically honest practice.
- True (Yes, you may use online tools to help you learn how to cite sources properly; however, be aware that software may not always to up-to-date with the latest citation style publication and that some citation errors occasionally occur. Remember, you are responsible for citing your sources correctly and verifying that they conform to the citation style your instructor has chosen. However, if your instructor asks you not to use citation software, be sure to follow directions and use your textbooks and/or the citation handbooks and manuals. You may also ask instructors and librarians for help using these resources.)
- False (No, you may use online tools to help you learn how to cite sources properly, and they may even help you save on time. However, be aware that software programs may not always be up-to-date with the latest citation style publication and errors occasionally occur. Remember, you are responsible for citing your sources correctly and verifying that they conform to the citation style your instructor has chosen. However, if your instructor asks you not to use citation software, be sure to follow directions and use your textbooks and/or the citation handbooks and manuals. You may also ask instructors and librarians for help using these resources.)
A: True

Q: How does the book define or describe the brainstorming process?  Select all that apply.
- Engaging your imagination (1. No, but engaging your imagination is considered the most important element of the research process. "Brainstorming means examining your topic from a variety of angles--keeping an open mind and an open research log, the former to invite new ideas and the latter to house them" (George 49).)
- Examining your topic from a variety of angles (Yes. "Brainstorming means examining your topic from a variety of angles--keeping an open mind and an open research log, the former to invite new ideas and the latter to house them" (George 49).)
- Reading encyclopedia articles (No. "Brainstorming means examining your topic from a variety of angles--keeping an open mind and an open research log, the former to invite new ideas and the latter to house them" (George 49).)
- Keeping an open mind to invite new ideas (Yes. "Brainstorming means examining your topic from a variety of angles--keeping an open mind and an open research log, the former to invite new ideas and the latter to house them" (George 49).)
- Keeping an open research log to house ideas (Yes. "Brainstorming means examining your topic from a variety of angles--keeping an open mind and an open research log, the former to invite new ideas and the latter to house them" (George 49).)
A: Examining your topic from a variety of angles; Keeping an open mind to invite new ideas; Keeping an open research log to house ideas

Q: Match the phrase with the correct definition or outcome.
- Data as goal | Find out everything you can about a topic
- Data as tool | Find out the basics about your topic
- Data as goal | Explain what you've learned
- Data as tool | Identify a problem or issue related to that topic
- Data as tool | Use the data to try to solve the problem or issue
Also offered: Compile statistics to give a report

Q: William Badke writes about inadequate research as well as genuine or real research. How does he finish the following statement? "The key to genuine research is..."
- to be interesting. (No, while genuine research is often interesting, the correct answer is that "genuine research is a good question that addresses a problem calling for analysis" (Badke 24).)
- to deal in generalities and surveys. Genuine research loves a superficial look at a big topic. (No, the correct answer is that "genuine research is a good question that addresses a problem calling for analysis" (Badke 24).)
- to ask no analytical question and make no pretense of advancing knowledge. (No, the correct answer is that "genuine research is a good question that addresses a problem calling for analysis" (Badke 24).)
- a good question that addresses a problem calling for an analysis. (Yes, "the key to genuine research is a good question that addresses a problem calling for analysis" (Badke 24).)
- to gather data, read and absorb it, and regurgitate it. (No, the correct answer is that "genuine research is a good question that addresses a problem calling for analysis" (Badke 24).)
A: a good question that addresses a problem calling for an analysis.

Q: In Research Strategies William Badke writes: "You have a working knowledge of a topic when you can talk about it for one minute without repeating yourself" (28). Why does he say students should gain a working knowledge of their topic? Select the best answers below.
- Because he is a librarian (Badke is a librarian, but this is not the correct answer. Instead, the answer is because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters.)
- Because it gives you enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory (Yes, this is part of the answer, because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters.)
- Because it gives you the basics of a topic (Yes, this is part of the answer, because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters.)
- Because Wikipedia is often amazingly reliable (Badke does write this, but this is not the correct answer. Instead, the answer is because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters.)
- Because you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters (Yes, this is part of the answer, because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters.)
A: Because it gives you enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory; Because it gives you the basics of a topic; Because you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters

Q: Complete the following statement with the answers below: William Badke says you can use Wikipedia...
- with discernment. (Yes, this part of the answer. He suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
- never. (No, he suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
- for background information. (Yes, this part of the answer. He suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
- to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles. (Yes, this part of the answer. He suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
- in research bibliographies. (No, he suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
- and compare what you read with other reference sources. (Yes, this part of the answer. He suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
- for your own development in a topic. (Yes, this part of the answer. He suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
A: with discernment.; for background information.; to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles.; and compare what you read with other reference sources.; for your own development in a topic.

Q: Google results have a nasty tendency to be academic in nature.
- True (No, William Badke writes: "Google results have a nasty tendency to be academically weak" (20).)
- False (Correct, William Badke writes: "Google results have a nasty tendency to be academically weak" (20).)
A: False

Q: In William Badke's book, Research Strategies, he writes, "the best research questions are simple ones that still require a good deal of analysis to answer."
- True (Yes - "the best research questions are simple ones that still require a good deal of analysis to answer." See page 36 in the text.)
- False (No - "the best research questions are simple ones that still require a good deal of analysis to answer." See page 36 in the text.)
A: True

Q: Badke says, "A research question may be crucial to tracing the path you need to follow in order to reach that goal, but an outline is crucial to giving your search a goal."
- True (No - Badke says, "A research question may be crucial to giving your search a goal, but an outline is crucial to tracing the path you need to follow in order to reach that goal." See pages 36-37 in the text.)
- False (Yes - Badke says, "A research question may be crucial to tracing the path you need to follow in order to reach that goal, but an outline is crucial to giving your search a goal." See pages 36-37 in the text.)
A: False

Q: In his book, Research Strategies, Badke claims that the trouble with an open-ended question is:
- that it kills your focus or at least broadens it into something too big to deal with. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is because it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text.)
- that professors will wonder what the purpose of your paper is. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is because it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text.)
- because it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. (Yes, the trouble with an open-ended question is because it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text.)
- that it isn't clear enough to make it possible to answer. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is because it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text.)
- because it tries to answer questions that the data simply will not answer. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is because it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text.)
A: because it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers.

Q: Match each statement with the correct term.
- Addresses a problem to be solved | Research Question
- A tentative answer to a research question | Thesis Statement
- with this method you are more likely to have an open mind | Research Question
- students have a tendency to create a bias with this method | Thesis Statement
Also offered: Research Topic; Open-ended Question

Q: What tactic for explaining library research does George use in her book The Elements of Library Research?
- She is very specific and gives step by step guidance.
- She is general to allow the reader to figure things out.
- She uses her Maxims as guides, but then tells the reader exactly what to do.
- She doesn’t really use any tactics from what I can tell.
A: She is general to allow the reader to figure things out.

Q: What are the three phases of searching for sources?
- Assessing whether or not they really relate to your research question
- Searching the reference database for articles
- Checking the library catalog for books and other material
- Determining that sources with certain features exist
- Submitting interlibrary loan requests
- Obtaining the sources you found
A: Assessing whether or not they really relate to your research question; Determining that sources with certain features exist; Obtaining the sources you found

Q: It is possible, and recommended, to find all of your sources by surfing the Web and downloading relevant files that you come across.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Mary George claims that the purpose of a citation or reference is to document evidence so that others can, if they like, track it down themselves.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Match each characteristic with its corresponding term.
- Information about a source that can be retrieved from an online catalog or article database | Record
- Is part of a record | Abstract
- Is generally one paragraph | Abstract
- Can offer valuable clues about the source, like subject terms | Record
- Can be very short | Record
- Is a summary of the source and includes things like the research methods and results of the study | Abstract
Also offered: Reference

Q: Known-item searching is when I already know what type of search and keywords I want to use.
- True
- False
A: False
Feedback: Known-item searching is when you know the source you are wanting to locate. (George 95-96).

Q: Concept searching includes using terminology which has already been assigned to sources that might be useful for your research.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: What are two benefits to concept searching?
- The words and phrases used are easy to find because they are compiled in a list and are updated as needed as well as cross-referenced.
- It makes it easier to find information under a broad topic like education or nursing.
- The individuals that create the subject terms have actually examined the material.
- Each catalog uses different subject headings so you are able to find more information by searching more catalogs.
- It provides all sources under a concept at once so you don’t have to drill down to find more terms.
A: The words and phrases used are easy to find because they are compiled in a list and are updated as needed as well as cross-referenced.; The individuals that create the subject terms have actually examined the material.

Q: Mary George writes that the worst way to tinker your search is to limit to scholarly, peer-reviewed articles.
- True (No, Mary George writes that the best way to tinker your search is to limit to scholarly, peer-reviewed articles.)
- False (Yes, Mary George writes that the best way to tinker your search is to limit to scholarly, peer-reviewed articles.)
A: False
Feedback: Mary George writes that the best way to tinker your search is to limit to scholarly, peer-reviewed articles.

Q: Mary George writes that the best way to tinker your search is to limit to full-text articles, so you can actually read the articles before writing your paper.
- True (No, Mary George writes that the best way to tinker your search is to limit to scholarly, peer-review articles (110). Reading the articles you find before writing your paper is a good idea, but she writes that limiting to full-text articles may suppress other records that could be readily found in another database.)
- False (Yes, Mary George writes that the best way to tinker your search is to limit to scholarly, peer-review articles (110). Reading the articles you find before writing your paper is a good idea, but she writes that limiting to full-text articles may suppress other records that could be readily found in another database.)
A: False
Feedback: Mary George writes that the best way to tinker your search is to limit to scholarly, peer-review articles (110). Reading the articles you find before writing your paper is a good idea, but she writes that limiting to full-text articles may suppress other records that could be readily found in another database.

Q: What is it called when you search for a book or article that you saw listed at the end of of an encyclopedia article? Choose the best answer.
- A good idea
- Concept searching
- Known-item searching
- Research
A: Known-item searching

Q: According to Mary George, which of the following reasons are given for conducting a keyword-first search?
- It is more gratifying (You are partially correct. It will probably uncover more current results, and it will often lead to sources that can be found close at hand, plus it is often faster and more gratifying.)
- It is often faster (You are partially correct. It will probably uncover more current results, and it will often lead to sources that can be found close at hand, plus it is often faster and more gratifying.)
- It will probably uncover more current results (You are partially correct. It will probably uncover more current results, and it will often lead to sources that can be found close at hand, plus it is often faster and more gratifying.)
- It will often lead to sources that can be found close at hand (You are partially correct. It will probably uncover more current results, and it will often lead to sources that can be found close at hand, plus it is often faster and more gratifying.)
- All of the above (It will probably uncover more current results, and it will often lead to sources that can be found close at hand, plus it is often faster and more gratifying.)
A: All of the above

Q: Which search approach is described in the following statement?

When conducting a keyword search, look for relevant sources of information in the list of results. Once you have identified such a source, select it, and look at the expanded record. Watch for subject descriptors that are hyperlinked. These should take you to other relevant sources of information.
- Discovering Sources--Keyword Approach (No, this is the Assigned-Subject Approach. This particular aspect of the approach is explained in more detail under point #2 on page 111 within the section on "Tactic 2: Discovering Sources--Assigned Subject Approach.")
- Discovering Sources--Assigned-Subject Approach (Yes, this is explained in more detail under point #2 on page 111 within the section on "Tactic 2: Discovering Sources--Assigned Subject Approach.")
- Discovering Sources--Known-Item Approach (No, this is the Assigned-Subject Approach. This particular aspect of the approach is explained in more detail under point #2 on page 111 within the section on "Tactic 2: Discovering Sources--Assigned Subject Approach.")
- Discovering Sources--Verification (No, this is the Assigned-Subject Approach. This particular aspect of the approach is explained in more detail under point #2 on page 111 within the section on "Tactic 2: Discovering Sources--Assigned Subject Approach.")
- Discovering Sources--Browsing (No, this is the Assigned-Subject Approach. This particular aspect of the approach is explained in more detail under point #2 on page 111 within the section on "Tactic 2: Discovering Sources--Assigned Subject Approach.")
- Discovering Sources--Backtracking (No, this is the Assigned-Subject Approach. This particular aspect of the approach is explained in more detail under point #2 on page 111 within the section on "Tactic 2: Discovering Sources--Assigned Subject Approach.")
A: Discovering Sources--Assigned-Subject Approach

Q: Mary George believes it is useful to look at a list of works cited or references. If you do this, she affirms that sources will unavoidably jump out at you, leading you to known items that will be useful for your project. These new sources may often lead to other new sources. This is what she means by backtracking, depending on the expertise and knowledge of others to point you to sources they value.
- True (Yes, Mary George does affirm the value of backtracking, because it does bring to your knowledge other sources that scholars and researchers esteem or value. This can be a great way to find sources of information for a research project. See pages 122-25.)
- False (No, Mary George does affirm the value of backtracking, because it brings to your knowledge other sources that scholars and researchers esteem or value. This can be a great way to find sources of information for a research project. See pages 122-25.)
A: True

Q: Mary George writes: "At several points in every project, you will discover leads to specific sources you want to obtain. Sometimes the lead will provide the source instantly [...] Other times you may discover the lead on your own [...] Unfortunately, you cannot rely on effortless techniques alone to get you through an entire research project." Match the search method with the correct type of item desired.
- Conduct a title search in the catalog | A whole book
- Conduct an author search in the catalog | A whole book
- Ask about your library's interlibrary loan service | A whole book, a book chapter, or an article
- Show a reference librarian the most complete information you have | An article
- Search the online catalog under the title of the magazine, periodical, journal, or newspaper | An article
- Search by the editor's name or book title | A chapter in a collection or anthology

Q: Match the definition with the correct word.
- Publication meant for a particular group of researchers and academics | Scholarly journal
- A general publication with articles that is circulated or sent out on a regular basis. Also known as a periodical, since it is published periodically. Sent both to people's homes and to all kinds of libraries. | Serial
- A book or volume that treats one question or issue | Monograph
- Contains peer-reviewed articles that have been evaluated by other experts in the field | Scholarly journal
- The words juried, academic, peer-reviewed, refereed, and scholarly may all apply to this kind of publication | Scholarly journal

Q: According to William Badke controlled vocabularies...
- seek to tell what the item is about.
- help the searcher find almost everything on a topic.
- require the searchers to use the assigned descriptors or subjects within the system.
- will have many words that represent the same thing.
- Answers a., b., and c.
A: Answers a., b., and c.

Q: How does William Badke define the term metadata?
- A system of codes or identifiers that comes along with the data.
- Descriptive labels
- All the labels that enable searchers to identify the correct item.
- A short description of the data.
- All of the above.
A: All of the above.

Q: In the journal article databases, such as the EBSCO products, keyword searching can be joined or combined with controlled vocabulary or subject searching.
- True (Yes. In the journal article databases, such as the EBSCO products, keyword searching can be joined or combined with controlled vocabulary or subject searching.)
- False (Incorrect. In the journal article databases, such as the EBSCO products, keyword searching can be joined or combined with controlled vocabulary or subject searching.)
A: True

Q: According to William Badke, when should a search among the controlled vocabulary subject headings be conducted?
- When you want to find most of what a database has on a topic. (Correct answer: When you want to find most of what a database has on a topic, and when you are concerned that a keyword search will only reveal some of what is there.)
- When you do not know a subject heading. (Correct answer: When you want to find most of what a database has on a topic, and when you are concerned that a keyword search will only reveal some of what is there.)
- When your topic is narrow or crosses disciplines. (Correct answer: When you want to find most of what a database has on a topic, and when you are concerned that a keyword search will only reveal some of what is there.)
- When you are concerned that a keyword search will only reveal some of what is there. (Correct answer: When you want to find most of what a database has on a topic, and when you are concerned that a keyword search will only reveal some of what is there.)
- Answers a. and d. (Correct answer: When you want to find most of what a database has on a topic, and when you are concerned that a keyword search will only reveal some of what is there.)
A: Answers a. and d.

Q: William Badke writes: "Controlled vocabularies are a good solution to the problem of retrieval." He justifies this claim with the following evidence:
- Lack of metadata leads to tons of search results, but you have to do a large amount of sifting to find a match with what you were searching for. (I admit that this answer may be confusing, because it actually defines one of the retrieval problems, but it cannot be considered evidence.)
- The metadata comes in the form of a 'record,' that is, a short description of the data.
- Computers are not intelligent creatures. They recognize letters and words, and they can find exactly what you type into the search box. They don't even know what your words mean.
- A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title.
- All of the above.
A: A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title.

Q: We need information when we want to:
- purchase a new computer
- choose a career path
- write a paper for class
- vote in an election
- answers a., b., c., and d
A: answers a., b., c., and d

Q: You need to research an aspect of the topic “technology in K-12 education.” Which one of the following would be an appropriate research question?
- Do social networking sites threaten privacy rights?
- Should college classes be taught online?
- Does computer technology help children learn to read?
- Should all public schools be required to provide career counseling?
A: Does computer technology help children learn to read?

Q: You are writing a paper for your psychology class. You first need information defining the term “placebo effects.” What is your best choice for getting some brief background information?
- Find journal articles about “placebo effects.”
- Type “placebo effects” in a Web search engine for a complete list of references on the topic.
- Search for “placebo effects” in the library’s online catalog.
- Look up “placebo effects” in a general reference source like an encyclopedia.
A: Look up “placebo effects” in a general reference source like an encyclopedia.

Q: Which group of keywords best describes the information needed for the following assignment: “Prepare a presentation about the gains achieved by African-Americans in the 1960s?”
- gains, achieved, 1960s
- African-Americans, gains, achieved
- presentation, African-Americans, gains
- African-Americans, gains, 1960s
A: African-Americans, gains, 1960s

Q: Which of the following documents an article in a reference resource?
- Will, George F. One Man’s America: The Pleasures and Provocations of Our Singular Nation. 1^st ed. New York: Crown Forum, 2008.
- "George Will." Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6Th Edition (2013): 1. Academic Search Complete. Web. 14 Oct. 2013.
- Will, George F. "Religion and the American Republic." National Affairs 16 (2013): 110-124. Academic Search Complete. Web. 14 Oct. 2013.
- Will, George F. "The Closing Of The American Mind." Human Events 68.46 (2012): 23. Academic Search Complete. Web. 14 Oct. 2013.
A: "George Will." Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6Th Edition (2013): 1. Academic Search Complete. Web. 14 Oct. 2013.

Q: You are training to become an EMT. Which source might offer you the best first-hand introduction to a new defibrillator?
- An encyclopedia article about defibrillation.
- An in-person demonstration by an EMT.
- A video showing the use of the defibrillator.
- A written manual that comes with the defibrillator.
A: A written manual that comes with the defibrillator.

Q: Which of the following is generally considered a primary source?
- Encyclopedia article
- Letters written to a friend or family member
- Newspaper article reporting about a research study
- Biography
A: Letters written to a friend or family member

Q: Which of the following types of searches will increase your precision, or yield a higher number of relevant results?
- Controlled vocabulary search
- Assigned subject search
- Keyword Boolean search
- Both a. and b.
A: Both a. and b.

Q: Typically, a library’s online catalog contains:
- information about books, videos, and non-print items in the library collections.
- the complete text of all the journal articles in the library.
- information about the college’s courses.
- answers a and b
A: information about books, videos, and non-print items in the library collections.

Q: For your psychology class you are writing a five-page paper about the treatment of depression. What would be the best approach for researching this topic?
- Get scholarly journal articles for recent/very specific information.
- Get an overview of the topic from a drug company’s website, and then get more recent/specific information from magazine articles
- Get an overview of the topic from an encyclopedia of psychology
- Get an overview of the topic from a current encyclopedia, and then get more recent/specific information from journal articles.
A: Get an overview of the topic from a current encyclopedia, and then get more recent/specific information from journal articles.

Q: As you collect sources for your project it is critical to
- evaluate each source for accuracy and currency
- print the full text out
- record all bibliographic information for your Works Cited list
- answers a. and b
- answers a. and c.
A: record all bibliographic information for your Works Cited list

Q: During the class when we talked about reading for research, we discussed Bill Badke’s four steps for reading an article and five steps for reading a book. Which of the following is one of the steps for reading an article?
- Have a good look at the title page, preface, foreword, and introduction
- Check out the table of contents
- Watch for key propositions
- Have a look at the index
A: Watch for key propositions

Q: You need information about career opportunities in nursing. What would you type in the web search engine/box to find the most information?
- nurses or nursing opportunity
- nurs* career*
- career opportunities in nursing
- “nursing jobs or careers”
A: career opportunities in nursing

Q: In both MLA and APA styles,which of the following contains the most complete list of elements that are typically required for a scholarly journal article in print, regardless of the order in which they appear?
- author, title of article, journal title, date of publication, volume, pages
- author, title of article, journal title, publisher, date of publication, pages, name of the database, date of access
- author, title of article, journal title, date of publication, pages,
- author, title of article, journal title, date of publication, volume, issue, pages
A: author, title of article, journal title, date of publication, volume, issue, pages

Q: Paraphrasing is the process of
- summarizing the author’s ideas in your own words
- selecting paragraphs to use in your paper
- changing a phrase to mean something else
- none of the above
A: summarizing the author’s ideas in your own words

Q: You are writing a report on medication and heart disease. You have found several sources. Which would be the most trustworthy because of the likelihood of having objective information?
- report from a heart disease association
- survey from a drug manufacturer
- article in a health magazine
- article in a gardening magazine
- advertisement from a surgical clinic
A: report from a heart disease association

Q: Which of the following strategies would be useful for trying to confirm the accuracy of information found on a webpage?
- checking the webpage author’s qualifications
- researching other sources for the same information
- finding out which institution is hosting the webpage
- answers a. and c.
- answers a., b., and c.
A: researching other sources for the same information

Q: Which of the following usually requires a password or accessing through a campus computer because it does not allow free access to all Web users?
- library online catalog
- periodical databases, like LexisNexis Academic or EBSCOhost’s Academic Search Complete
- Yahoo! Web directories
- bookstore’s websites
A: periodical databases, like LexisNexis Academic or EBSCOhost’s Academic Search Complete

Q: When presenting a movie to the public, from whom do you need to get permission?
- Your peers
- The school board
- The copyright owner
- None of the above, permission is not needed
A: The copyright owner

Q: You want to use some of the information found in a magazine article for your research paper. Which situation(s) require that you cite the source of your information?
- When you copy a whole paragraph.
- When you paraphrase a main point in your own words.
- When you quote a sentence from the article.
- answers a., b., and c.
- answers a. and c.
A: answers a., b., and c.

Q: Which of the following are valid reasons to cite the sources you used for a research paper?
- Readers of your paper may want to find and read the sources you cite.
- U.S. Copyright law states that research papers must contain such a list.
- You could be accused of plagiarism if you don't cite your sources properly.
- answers a., b., and c.
- answers a. and c.
A: answers a. and c.

Q: Which search approach is described in the following statement?

When conducting a keyword search, look for relevant sources of information in the list of results. Once you have identified such a source, select it, and look at the expanded record. Watch for subject descriptors that are hyperlinked. These should take you to other relevant sources of information.
- Discovering Sources—Backtracking
- Discovering Sources--Keyword Approach
- Discovering Sources—Browsing
- Discovering Sources--Assigned-Subject Approach
A: Discovering Sources--Assigned-Subject Approach

Q: Which of the following statements is true?
- When citing articles you retrieved from an online periodical database, you need to include the page numbers.
- Different disciplines, such as psychology or history, have developed specific citation styles.
- The MLA style of citations is used by Web search engines.
- answers a. and b.
- answers b. and c.
A: answers a. and b.

Q: William Badke offers five kinds of bad and ugly research questions. What kind of research question is the following:

Why was Adolf Hitler the way he was?
- The fuzzy question
- The multi-part question
- The open-ended question
- The question that will not fly
A: The fuzzy question

Q: Adding concepts to one another in a Boolean search, using the operator and, will do which of the following?
- Reduce the number of results you will get from a catalog or database
- Increase the number of results you will get from a catalog or database
- Find the concepts where they are close together
- Both a. and b.
A: Reduce the number of results you will get from a catalog or database

Q: Which of the following is an example of known-item searching?
- Searching with keywords connected with and and or
- Searching with assigned-subject descriptors or subject headings
- Searching with phrases and words you think best represent the research question
- Searching for a book or article with the title or author’s name
A: Searching for a book or article with the title or author’s name

Q: Which of the following will often increase your number of results in a library catalog or journal article database search?
- The or operator or connector
- A truncation code such as an asterisk (*) or a question mark (?)
- The and operator or connector
- The not operator or connector
- Both a. and b.
A: Both a. and b.

Q: [Image]

You want to obtain a particular book to take home. Study the online catalog screen above to answer these next two questions.

Write in the blank exactly what you need to locate the book on the shelf.
A: TN900 .K96 2002 / TN900 .K96 2002 2nd floor / 2nd floor TN900 .K96 2002
Partly right: 2nd floor (50%)

Q: Choose the best definition of information literacy below.
- Knowing how to be ruthless in finding important information while reading
- Knowing how to summarize information that meets a need
- Having the skills to find information quickly and efficiently
- Knowing how to recognize when information is needed and having the ability to locate, evaluate, and use effectively the needed information in an ethical and legal manner
A: Knowing how to recognize when information is needed and having the ability to locate, evaluate, and use effectively the needed information in an ethical and legal manner

Q: During the class when we talked about reading for research, we discussed Bill Badke’s idea about the difference between a connoisseur and glutton.  Which of the following statements best describes a research connoisseur?
- Reads what is needed and abandons the rest
- Reads all the information from beginning to end
- Does not analyze the information
- Pauses to think about and evaluate the information
- Both a. and d.
A: Both a. and d.

Q: [Image]

For your sociology assignment you need to find information about the impact of private prisons. Look at the boxed example above from an online periodicals database to answer this question:

Which of the Subjects listed should you view to find related information about the impact of private prisons?
- Inmates
- Corrections (Criminal Justice administration) – Contracting out
- Private Prisons
- Prisons - Arizona
A: Inmates

Q: Directions: The next several items ask you to select the best match.

Match the activities below to the appropriate step of the research process.

write the number 1 for step 1 – preparations

write the number 2 for step 2 – collecting information or

write the number 3 for step 3 – creating the final product.
- Explore background information to narrow the topic | 1
- Decide if you gathered enough appropriate sources for the research project | 2
- Cite your sources | 3
- Formulate a research question | 1
- Evaluate the sources found | 1
- Write the paper | 1
- Find information appropriate for the research question | 1

Q: Match the activities below to the appropriate step of the research process.

write the number 1 for step 1 – preparations

write the number 2 for step 2 – collecting information or

write the number 3 for step 3 – creating the final product.

a. Explore background information to narrow the topic
A: 1

Q: b. Decide if you gathered enough appropriate sources for the research project
A: 2

What is an example of a primary source of information?

What disciplinary action might happen to ISU students who violate college policies on plagiarism?

You need to read the novel Prodigal Summer by Barbara Kingsolver, but the book is checked out from your college library. You don’t have the money to buy it from a bookstore, so how can you get a library copy of the book?

Popular periodicals like Newsweek usually contain many advertisements. What are two other characteristics of popular periodicals?

Scholarly periodicals like the American Sociological Review usually contain very few advertisements. What are two other characteristics of scholarly periodicals?

Your research question is: “Do elementary school students receive adequate physical science instruction in Idaho public schools?” How could you broaden this question? Write an example of a broader research question:

You need to make a presentation to the City Council meeting against the proposed regulation of banning dogs from city parks. You have already used Web search tools and databases to find information. You still need more information so you want to use other methods of inquiry. What are two approaches you could take to find information supporting your point of view?

To gain access to your college library’s online databases from off-campus you would

[Image]

You want to obtain a particular book to take home. Study the online catalog screen above to answer these next two questions.

Write in the blank exactly what you need to locate the book on the shelf.

Q: Match the activities below to the appropriate step of the research process
- Explore background information to narrow the topic | preparations
- Decide if you gathered enough appropriate sources for the research project | collecting information
- Cite your sources | collecting information

Q: Match the activities below to the appropriate step of the research process.

step 1 – preparations

step 2 – collecting information

step 3 – creating the final product.
- Explore background information to narrow the topic | step 1 – preparations
- Decide if you gathered enough appropriate sources for the research project | step 2 – collecting information
- Cite your sources | step 3 – creating the final product.
- Formulate a research question | step 1 – preparations
- Evaluate the sources found | step 2 – collecting information
- Write the paper | step 3 – creating the final product.
- Find information appropriate for the research question | step 2 – collecting information

Q: In class we talked about going for depth when conducting college research. Which of the following research questions is the best example of narrowing a research question by demographic or population?
- What are the impacts of social media use?
- Why is the electrical grid in the western United States in need of upgrades and repairs?
- How will healthcare legislation impact access to prescription medication for the elderly?
- How has Facebook made it easier to participate in cyberbullying in the 21^st century?
A: How will healthcare legislation impact access to prescription medication for the elderly?

Q: Which of the following is an example of concept searching?
- Searching for a book or article with the title or author’s name
- Searching with phrases and keywords you think best represent the research question
- Searching with assigned-subject descriptors or subject headings
- Both b. and c.
A: Both b. and c.

Q: Where do questions fit into the research or information literacy process?
- Questions are important during all phases of the information literacy process; however, they play a crucial role at the beginning once an information need has been identified and you begin to search for sources of information.
- Questions are not important during the information literacy process.
- Questions are necessary; they lead to the discovery of answers.
- It is essential to ask questions on the job, in your personal life, and at school in order to find answers we need to function effectively.
A: Questions are important during all phases of the information literacy process; however, they play a crucial role at the beginning once an information need has been identified and you begin to search for sources of information.

Q: The open access publishing model is best defined as...
- a traditional model where readers must pay for or subscribe to the publication in order to be able to read the publication.
- a business model that increases the price of its publication above the standard rate of inflation each year.
- A model that lets readers see articles without paying for them, though a username and password may need to be established.
- A newer model that may requires authors to pay for their articles to be published, so that their publications can be freely available to the public.
- Both c. and d.
A: Both c. and d.

Q: Put the following call numbers in their proper order by selecting a 1 for the first one in the sequence, a 2 before the second one, and so forth.
- PS3503 .A623 Q8 1961 | 3
- PS3503 .A6223 Z477 1995 | 2
- PS3503 .A923 W59 2000 | 6
- PS3503 .A815 A923 E44 1910 | 5
- PS3503 .A627 P87 1958 | 4
- PS3503 .A62 A79 1999 | 1

Q: Directions: The following questions refer to the text in the boxes. Read the text and the question after it carefully and select the one best answer.

LexisNexis Academic

COVERAGE: LexisNexis Academic is really several databases in one. In addition to indexing more than 400 magazines and journals, LexisNexis Academic is a news database that provides full text news stories from more than 350 international, national, and regional newspapers published between the late 1970s and the present. It is also a business database that can provide company news, history, and financial data from the 1970s and 1980s. It is a legal database that provides full-text court cases from the Supreme Court, federal and state sources, full text of state and federal codes, as well as legal news and reviews. It is a medical database that indexes medical journals and news sources from 1966 to the present. And it is also a reference database that provides polling information, statistics, country profiles, biographies and more. Content is updated daily.

LearningExpress Library

COVERAGE: Whatever your goal, LearningExpress Library's resources will help you succeed. Each of our Learning Centers offers the practice tests, exercises, skill-building courses, e-books, and information you need to achieve the results you want—at school, at work, or in life. Looking to land a job? You'll find an entire Learning Center dedicated to helping you get the one that's right for you.

CINAHL with Full Text

COVERAGE: Years Covered: 1982 to present. CINAHL = Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Includes some online articles and documents.

You want to become a registered nurse, which means you must take and pass the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses. You want to take some practice tests to prepare for this important exam. Look at the database descriptions in the box above and then select the best source to search for this information need.
- LexisNexis Academic
- LearningExpress Library
- CINAHL with Full Text
- answers a., b., and c.
A: LearningExpress Library

Q: In the initial stages of your research, you find this paragraph:

Many studies have shown that vegetarians seem to have a lower risk of obesity, coronary heart disease (which causes heart attack), high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and some forms of cancer. However, a vegetarian diet can be unhealthy if it contains too many calories and/or saturated fat and not enough important nutrients.

The above paragraph provides relevant information for which of the following topics?
- increase in heart disease
- vegetarian diets
- relationship between vegetarian diets and health
- calories and health
A: relationship between vegetarian diets and health

Q: You need to read the novel Prodigal Summer by Barbara Kingsolver, but the book is checked out from your college library. You don’t have the money to buy it from a bookstore, so how can you get a library copy of the book?
- Place a recall on the book if the due date is more than two weeks in the future
- Place a hold on the book if the due date is coming up soon
- Request a copy of the book through the Interlibrary Loan department
- Purchase a copy on Amazon
- Both answers a. and b.
A: Both answers a. and b.

Q: To gain access to your college library’s online databases from off-campus you would
- Click on the needed database link found on the Library’s website
- Log in with your student identification number and last name
- Use the Internet to find the Library website
- All of the above
A: All of the above

Q: Read the following extract and select the quotation that would best explain what St. Baldrick’s does:

North Dakota is sharpening its clippers and flexing its fundraising muscles. St. Baldrick’s time is once again upon the state. This year’s “Brave the Shave” campaign features multiple events throughout the upper Midwest and beyond, but its flagship event will take place March 15 at 1:30 p.m. at the Missouri Valley Family YMCA. St. Baldrick’s is the world’s largest volunteer-driven fundraising event for childhood cancer research. Volunteers shave their heads in solidarity of children fighting cancer while soliciting donations for the foundation.
- Volunteers shave their heads in solidarity of children fighting cancer while soliciting donations for the foundation.
- St. Baldrick’s time is once again upon the state.
- St. Baldrick’s is the world’s largest volunteer-driven fundraising event for childhood cancer research.
- North Dakota is sharpening its clippers and flexing its fundraising muscles.
A: St. Baldrick’s is the world’s largest volunteer-driven fundraising event for childhood cancer research.

Q: [Image]

You are at your home computer and have just connected to an online periodical database to find articles for an English assignment. The image of the screen above is what you see when you connect. This database is new to you. You’ve done a search and gotten no results. What should you do?
- quit and try another database
- email the NewsBank company for assistance
- click “Help”
- click “Keyword”
A: click “Help”

Q: [Image]

You want to obtain a particular book to take home. Study the online catalog screen above to answer these next two questions.

Exactly what information do you need to write down in order to locate the book on the shelf.
- Main Book Collection (2^nd Floor)
- Salt: A World History
- Checked Out – Due on 12-20-13
- TN900.K96 2002
A: TN900.K96 2002

Q: Should this book be on the shelf?
- Yes
- No
- Cannot be determined
- Answers b. and c.
A: No

Q: [Image]

 You are researching the topic “child abuse” for a paper and find the two quotations in the box above. What do these quotations do?
- They contradict each other
- They offer different explanations of the causes of child abuse
- They have conclusions based on different research
- They talk about two different topics
A: They contradict each other

Q: [Image]

For your sociology assignment you need to find information about the impact of private prisons. Look at the boxed example above from an online periodicals database to answer this question:

Which of the Subjects listed should you view to find related information about the impact of private prisons?
- Inmates
- Corrections (Criminal Justice administration) – Contracting out
- Private Prisons
- Prisons - Arizona
A: Corrections (Criminal Justice administration) – Contracting out / Prisons - Arizona

Q: Directions: The next several items ask you to select the best match.

Match the activities below to the appropriate step of the research process.

write the number 1 for step 1 – preparations

write the number 2 for step 2 – collecting information or

write the number 3 for step 3 – creating the final product.
- Explore background information to narrow the topic | 1
- Decide if you gathered enough appropriate sources for the research project | 2
- Cite sources in the paper and document sources in the list of references or works cited | 3
- Formulate a research question | 1
- Evaluate the sources found | 2
- Write the paper | 3
- Find information appropriate for the research question | 2
- Formulate a thesis statement and write the paper using the insight you have gained | 3

Q: Directions: The next several items ask you to select the best match.

a. A book-length treatment of a topic issued by a trade or scholarly publisher, following an editorial review.

b. A continuing publication that can be purchased via subscription.

c. A summary of a source that is often a paragraph in length.

d. Information you retrieve from an online catalog or article database.

e. Combines the nature and function of both fact and finding tools.

f. Exploring to see what sources there are, often with keywords or assigned-subject terms.

g. Acquiring sources where you already know the author’s name or the title
- Record | d. Information you retrieve from an online catalog or article database.
- Abstract | c. A summary of a source that is often a paragraph in length.
- Trapping | g. Acquiring sources where you already know the author’s name or the title
- Scouting | f. Exploring to see what sources there are, often with keywords or assigned-subject terms.
- Monograph | a. A book-length treatment of a topic issued by a trade or scholarly publisher, following an editorial review.
- Hybrid tools | e. Combines the nature and function of both fact and finding tools.
- Serial | b. A continuing publication that can be purchased via subscription.

Q: below are five citations for types of information sources. Match the lettered items in the space next to each citation. You may use a letter more than once.

a. book           c. periodical article

b. chapter in a book      d. article in an encyclopedia
- Dixon, J., Levine, M., Reicher, S., & Durrheim, K. (2012). Beyond prejudice: Are negative evaluations the problem and is getting us to like one another more the solution? Behavioral & Brain Sciences, 35(6), 411-466. | c. periodical article
- Jones, M. (2002). The social psychology of prejudice. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. | a. book
- Dovidio, J., & Gaertner, S. (2004). Reducing prejudice: Combating intergroup biases. In J. B. Ruscher & E. Y. Hammer (Eds.), Current directions in social psychology. (pp. 153-160). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. | b. chapter in a book
- Pack, T. (2007). Test your prejudice Online. Information Today, 24(3), 28-29. | c. periodical article
- Rabkin, L., & Ciment, J. (2013). Armstrong, Louis (1901–1971). In Encyclopedia of the Jazz Age, Sharpe Online Reference. Retrieved from http://www.sharpe-online.com | d. article in an encyclopedia

Q: Imagine you are researching advances in AIDS treatments. What kind of information would the following sources provide? Write the number 1 or 2 in the blanks.

1. information on advances in the treatment of AIDS

2. background information about AIDS
- a. an encyclopedia article about immune diseases | 2. background information about AIDS
- b. an article from a recent issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association describing research | 1. information on advances in the treatment of AIDS
- c. a magazine article on therapeutic uses of marijuana findings of a prescription drug study | 1. information on advances in the treatment of AIDS
- d. a book on the discovery and spread of AIDS | 2. background information about AIDS

Construct a keyword Boolean search statement that includes at least four of the six main components that we studied this semester.

How could you adapt the following topic into a keyword Boolean search statement? Use at least three components taught this semester: * finding a cure for skin cancer among redheads

Q: When evaluating information, the date of the source
- is important depending on the topic.
- should never be more than ten years old.
- is only critical in medical research
- is only critical in medical research.
- usually not important if it is a reliable source.
A: is important depending on the topic.

Q: To determine if an author is qualified to write on a specific topic, which of the following would most likely provide trustworthy information about the author’s qualifications?
- a general encyclopedia
- biography index or database
- author’s webpage hosted by the university where she or he is employed
- answers a., b., and c.
- answers b., and c.
A: author’s webpage hosted by the university where she or he is employed

Your research question is: “Do students receive adequate physical science instruction in public schools?” How could you narrow this question? Write an example of a broader research question:

Q: Which of the following research questions is the best example of narrowing a research question by demographic or population?
- What are the impacts of social media use?
- Why is the electrical grid in the western United States in need of upgrades and repairs?
- How will healthcare legislation impact access to prescription medication for the elderly?
- How has Facebook made it easier to participate in cyberbullying in the 21^st century?
A: How will healthcare legislation impact access to prescription medication for the elderly?

Q: Look at the image in question 43. Should this book be on the shelf?
- Yes
- No
- Cannot be determined
- Answers b. and c.
A: No

Q: Below are five references for types of information sources. Match the lettered items in the space next to each citation. You may use a letter more than once.

a. book           c. periodical article

b. chapter in a book      d. article in an encyclopedia
- Dixon, J., Levine, M., Reicher, S., & Durrheim, K. (2012). Beyond prejudice: Are negative evaluations the problem and is getting us to like one another more the solution? Behavioral & Brain Sciences, 35(6), 411-466. | c. periodical article
- Jones, M. (2002). The social psychology of prejudice. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. | a. book
- Dovidio, J., & Gaertner, S. (2004). Reducing prejudice: Combating intergroup biases. In J. B. Ruscher & E. Y. Hammer (Eds.), Current directions in social psychology. (pp. 153-160). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. | b. chapter in a book
- Pack, T. (2007). Test your prejudice Online. Information Today, 24(3), 28-29. | c. periodical article
- Rabkin, L., & Ciment, J. (2013). Armstrong, Louis (1901–1971). In Encyclopedia of the Jazz Age, Sharpe Online Reference. Retrieved from http://www.sharpe-online.com | d. article in an encyclopedia

Q: We need information when we want to:
- discuss current events
- plan a vacation
- write a report
- revise our diet
- answers a., b., c., and d.
A: answers a., b., c., and d.

Q: You need to research an aspect of the topic “education in public schools.” Which one of the following would be an appropriate research question?
- Does bilingual education help children attending public schools?
- Should all school children receive free lunches?
- Should states require standardized testing for religious schools?
- Do labor unions help teachers keep their jobs?
A: Does bilingual education help children attending public schools?

Q: You are writing a paper for your ecology class. You first need information defining the term “watershed.” What is your best choice for getting some brief background information?
- You are writing a paper for your ecology class. You first need information defining the term “watershed.” What is your best choice for getting some brief background information?
- Find journal articles about “watershed.”
- Look up “watershed” in a general reference source like an encyclopedia.
- Type “watershed” in a Web search engine for a complete list of references on the topic.
A: You are writing a paper for your ecology class. You first need information defining the term “watershed.” What is your best choice for getting some brief background information?

Q: Which group of keywords best describes the information needed for the following assignment: “Prepare a presentation about the gains achieved by women in the 1980s?”
- presentation, women, gains
- women, gains, achieved
- women, gains, 1980s
- gains, achieved, 1980s
A: presentation, women, gains

Q: You are training to become an EMT. Which source might offer you the best first-hand introduction to a new defibrillator?
- An encyclopedia article about defibrillation.
- An in-person demonstration by an EMT.
- A video showing the use of the defibrillator.
- A written manual that comes with the defibrillator.
A: An encyclopedia article about defibrillation.

Q: Which of the following is not a secondary source?
- Encyclopedia article
- Letters
- Newspaper article reporting about a research study
- Biography
A: Encyclopedia article

Q: ISU’s policy on the use of information technology states that:
- you will not use ISU computers or networks to post or transmit libelous, harassing, or threatening messages to others.
- you will not infringe on copyrighted material, including, but not limited to, software, text, images, audio, and video.
- you will not share logons and passwords with others.
- answers a., b., and c.
A: you will not use ISU computers or networks to post or transmit libelous, harassing, or threatening messages to others.

Q: Typically, a library’s online catalog contains:
- information about books, videos, and other non-print items in the library.
- the complete text of all the journal articles in the library.
- information about the college’s courses.
- answers a and b
A: information about books, videos, and other non-print items in the library.

Q: For your health class you’re writing a five page paper about the benefits of aerobic exercise. What would be the best approach for researching this topic?
- Get an overview about the topic from a commercial website, and then get recent/more specific information from magazine articles.
- Get scholarly journal articles for recent/very specific information about the topic.
- Get an overview of the topic from a current encyclopedia, and then get more recent/specific information from journal articles.
- Get an overview of the topic from a health encyclopedia.
A: Get an overview about the topic from a commercial website, and then get recent/more specific information from magazine articles.

Q: As you collect sources for your project it is critical to
- evaluate each source for accuracy and currency
- print the full text out
- record all bibliographic information for your Works Cited list
- answers a. and b.
- answers a. and c.
A: evaluate each source for accuracy and currency

Q: Which of the following documents an article that provides background information in a reference resource?
- Will, George F. One Man’s America: The Pleasures and Provocations of Our Singular Nation. 1^st ed. New York: Crown Forum, 2008. - MLA Will, G. F. (2008). One man’s America: The pleasures and provocations of our singular nation (1^st ed.). New York, NY: Crown Forum.
- "George Will." Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6Th Edition (2013): 1. Academic Search Complete. Web. 14 Oct. 2013. - MLA George Will. (2013). Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th Edition, 1. - APA
- Will, George F. "Religion and the American Republic." National Affairs 16 (2013): 110-124. Academic Search Complete. Web. 14 Oct. 2013. Will, G. F. (2013). Religion and the American republic. National Affairs, 16, 110-124. - APA
- Will, George F. "The Closing of The American Mind." Human Events 68.46 (2012): 23. Academic Search Complete. Web. 14 Oct. 2013. - MLA Will, G. F. (2012). The closing of the American mind. Human Events, 68(46), 23. - APA
A: "George Will." Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6Th Edition (2013): 1. Academic Search Complete. Web. 14 Oct. 2013. - MLA George Will. (2013). Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th Edition, 1. - APA

Q: Why do scholarly journals cost so much money?
- They do not have as many companies paying for advertisements to offset the costs for subscribers.
- Fewer subscribers means that the overall publication costs are distributed among fewer individuals or institutions
- The information is valued highly, because of its potential impact on science and society in general.
- Answers a., b., and c.
A: Answers a., b., and c.

Q: Which of the following is considered a primary source?
- Encyclopedia article about Elvis Presley
- Birth certificate of Elvis Presley
- A book about Elvis Presley and rock and roll in America
- Biography about Elvis Presley
A: Birth certificate of Elvis Presley

Q: Typically, a library’s catalog contains:
- information about books, videos, and non-print items
- the complete text of all the journal articles
- information about the college’s courses.
- answers a. and b.
A: information about books, videos, and non-print items

Q: As you collect sources for your project it is critical to
- evaluate each source for accuracy and currency
- print the full text out
- record all bibliographic information for your Works Cited list
- answers a. and b
- answers a. and c.
A: answers a. and c.

Q: You need information about career opportunities in nursing. What would you type in the Google or Bing search engine box to find the most information?
- nurses or nursing opportunity
- nurs* career*
- career opportunities in nursing
- “nursing jobs or careers”
A: career opportunities in nursing

Q: In both MLA and APA styles,which of the following contains the most complete list of elements that are typically required for a scholarly journal article in print, regardless of the order in which they appear?
- author, title of article, journal title, date of publication, volume, pages
- author, title of article, journal title, publisher, date of publication, pages
- author, title of article, journal title, date of publication, pages
- author, title of article, journal title, date of publication, volume, issue, pages
A: author, title of article, journal title, date of publication, volume, issue, pages

Q: Which of the following strategies would be useful for trying to confirm the accuracy and authority of information found on a webpage?
- checking the webpage author’s qualifications
- researching other sources for the same information
- finding out which institution is hosting the webpage
- answers a. and c.
- answers a., b., and c.
A: answers a., b., and c.

Q: Which of the following are valid reasons to cite and document the sources you used for a research paper?
- Readers of your paper may want to find and read the sources you cite.
- U.S. Copyright law states that research papers must contain such a list.
- You could be accused of plagiarism if you don't cite your sources properly.
- answers a. and c.
A: answers a. and c.

Q: Which search approach is described in the following statement?

When conducting a keyword search, look for relevant sources of information in the list of results. Once you have identified such a source, select it, and look at the expanded record. Watch for subject headings that are hyperlinked. These should take you to other relevant sources of information.
- Discovering Sources—Backtracking
- Discovering Sources--Keyword Approach
- Discovering Sources—Browsing
- Discovering Sources--Assigned-Subject Approach
A: Discovering Sources--Assigned-Subject Approach

Q: Which of the following statements is true?
- When citing articles you retrieved from an online periodical database, you need to include the page numbers.
- Different disciplines, such as psychology or history, have developed specific citation styles, APA and Chicago styles for example.
- The MLA style of citations is used by web search engines, such as Google.
- answers a. and b.
A: answers a. and b.

Q: Read the following excerpt and choose the question that is best answered with the essay from which this excerpt was taken:
Most scientific research on human development has concentrated on the period from birth through early adolescence, owing to both the rapidity and magnitude of the psychological changes observed during those phases and to the fact that they culminate in the optimum mental functioning of early adulthood. A primary motivation of many investigators in the field has been to determine how the culminating mental abilities of adulthood were reached during the preceding phases. This essay will  concentrate, therefore, on human development during the first 12 years of life.
- How do adult mental processes develop over time?
- How does a child’s mental or cognitive ability increase?
- How does a child’s environment determine their cognitive capacities in adulthood?
- How do children acquire language skills?
A: How does a child’s mental or cognitive ability increase?

Q: When evaluating information, the date of the source
- is important depending on the topic.
- should never be more than ten years old.
- is only critical in medical research.
- usually not important if it is a reliable source.
A: is important depending on the topic.

Q: To determine if an author is qualified to write on a specific topic, which of the following would most likely provide trustworthy information about the author’s qualifications?
- a general encyclopedia
- biography index or database
- author’s webpage hosted by the university where she or he is employed
- answers a., b., and c.
- answers b., and c.
A: answers a., b., and c.

Q: Which of the following is not an example of concept searching?
- Searching for a book or article with the title or author’s name
- Searching with phrases and keywords you think best represent the research question
- Searching with assigned-subject descriptors or subject headings
- Searching with keywords you have selected and connecting them with Boolean operators
A: Searching for a book or article with the title or author’s name

Construct a keyword Boolean search statement that includes at least four of the six main components that we have studied this semester: and, or, not, proximity operators, truncation codes, and wildcard characters.  (2 pts).

Q: Which search approach is described in the following statement? (1 pt)

When conducting a keyword search, look for relevant sources of information in the list of results. Once you have identified such a source, select it, and look at the expanded record. Watch for subject headings that are hyperlinked. These should take you to other relevant sources of information.
- Discovering Sources—Backtracking
- Discovering Sources--Keyword Approach
- Discovering Sources—Browsing
- Discovering Sources--Assigned-Subject Approach
A: Discovering Sources--Assigned-Subject Approach

Q: Which of the following types of searches will increase your precision, or yield a higher percentage of relevant results? (1 pt)
- Controlled vocabulary search
- Assigned subject search
- Keyword Boolean search
- An Internet search
- Both a. and b.
A: Both a. and b.

Identify at least one Library of Congress Subject Heading that relates to your research question. Include your research question here.  (1 pt)

Q: For your sociology assignment you need to find information about the impact of private prisons. Look at the boxed example above from an online periodicals database to answer this question:

Which of the Subjects listed should you view to find related information about the impact of private prisons?  (1 pt)

[Image: Subject Headings]
- Inmates
- Corrections (Criminal Justice administration) – Contracting out
- Private Prisons
- Prisons - Arizona
A: Corrections (Criminal Justice administration) – Contracting out

Identify two to three Subject: Thesaurus Terms from an EBSCOhost database that are related to your research question. Insert your research question into the space provided as well as two or three Subject: Thesaurus Terms. (2 pts)

Q: Did you take the Instructor Evaluation Survey?
- Yes
- No
A: Yes

What were one or two questions asked on the survey? OR paste the message from the end of the survey here.

Q: Before you can benefit from the assigned-subject method of searching, you need to figure out what that uniform terminology is.  What are some ways you can do this? (Check all that apply)
- Start with a source you already know is relevant and select the subject heading links within the record to take you to the assigned subjects.
- Do a keyword search in the catalog or database and find a relevant book, then select the subject heading links within the record to take you to the assigned subjects.
- Use the library's online catalog to search for a book and write down the call number.
- Confront a finding tool head-on by conducting a subject or thesaurus search to make it yield its list of assigned-subject terms
A: Start with a source you already know is relevant and select the subject heading links within the record to take you to the assigned subjects.; Do a keyword search in the catalog or database and find a relevant book, then select the subject heading links within the record to take you to the assigned subjects.; Confront a finding tool head-on by conducting a subject or thesaurus search to make it yield its list of assigned-subject terms

Q: In his book Research Strategies William Badke discusses "keyword searching with hierarchies".  According to Badke how are word hierarchies organized?  Why are they ordered in this way?
- Narrow categories at the top and broad categories at the bottom in order to help narrow the focus of your topic
- Broad categories at the top and narrow categories at the bottom, the broad categories help to define the meaning and boundaries of the narrow ones
- Well-known categories at the top and obscure categories at the bottom, the well-known categories help to lead you to the more obscure categories
- Popular searches at the top and non-popular searches at the bottom, the popular searches at the top help to keep you informed on what the latest news is without having to delve into the boring and unimportant stuff
A: Broad categories at the top and narrow categories at the bottom, the broad categories help to define the meaning and boundaries of the narrow ones

Q: Which of the following is not a part of the library research process, according to Mary George?
- Experiencing an insight based on reflection
- Selecting a general topic
- Engaging your imagination
- Highlighting one or more research questions as a result of brainstorming about your topic
- Developing a research plan or strategy
- Being lazy and procrastinating the search for sources
A: Being lazy and procrastinating the search for sources

Q: According to Mary George, what is her definition of a serial?
- A continuing publication that can be purchased via subscription, including newspapers, magazines, news-magazines, periodicals, journals, and other materials that appear regularly
- A number on the side of a book or magazine
- A story or play appearing regularly in venues such as television, radio, magazines or newspaper
- A criminal repeatedly committing the same offense and typically following a characteristic, predictable behavior pattern
A: A continuing publication that can be purchased via subscription, including newspapers, magazines, news-magazines, periodicals, journals, and other materials that appear regularly

Q: How does Mary George suggest that you deal with the fear that nothing works, the inability to find relevant sources, what she calls “the elephant in the room,” when talking about identifying relevant sources?
- By footnote stalking.
- By citation searching to determine the influence of a known item.
- Seek advice and the elephant will vanish.
- You will get a better idea of what hybrid, fact, and finding tools exist in your own library.
A: Seek advice and the elephant will vanish.

Q: Which of the following is NOT part of Mary George's helpful hints?
- Always have your research log handy to capture wild ideas
- Identify and examine more sources then you expect to use
- It's okay to use someone else's idea without documenting it, as long as you don't quote it exactly.
- Get to know older students who specialize in fields related to your project.
A: It's okay to use someone else's idea without documenting it, as long as you don't quote it exactly.

Q: According to Mary George, if you want articles on your research question from scholarly articles, popular periodicals, news magazines, or newspapers you should carefully examine the first search screen that appears, using which of the following labels to lead you to the "gold mine"?
- Subject
- Index
- Thesaurus
- All of the above
A: All of the above

Q: Internet search engines use terms or phrases that are equivalent to the connector terms used in Boolean searches. Which word phrase is most synonymous to the Boolean search connector OR?
- None of these
- All of these
- Any of these
- This exact word or phrase
A: Any of these

Q: Which is NOT true about outlines?
- Both traditional and non-traditional methods will work.
- An outline needs to convince.
- The form does not matter but the function does.
- The function of an outline is to guide the writer.
A: An outline needs to convince.

Q: Mary George suggests that while researchers are evaluating a source they should conduct an "on-the-spot triage." With this she says there are three levels of triage. Which level of triage is the one when you think a source you found has the possibility of being an important source that needs extra time and attention?
- Level I triage
- Level II triage
- Level III triage
- None of these
A: Level II triage

Q: What are the three principal tactics in order, that Mary George says are involved in the search for sources?
- 1-verifying details about a source 2- browsing the shelf where a relevant book is 3- Using the documentation of scholarly sources you come across to lead you to others.
- 1-Using a reference to a specific book or article 2- Verifying details about a source 3-Using keywords to search a library's online catalog or article databases.
- 1-Using Keywords to search a library's online catalog or an article database 2- Using "givens" (assigned subject descriptors) to literally re-search the same online catalog or article database 3- Using a reference to a specific book or article to locate and obtain it.
A: 1-Using Keywords to search a library's online catalog or an article database 2- Using "givens" (assigned subject descriptors) to literally re-search the same online catalog or article database 3- Using a reference to a specific book or article to locate and obtain it.

Q: According to Mary George, which of the following are ways to keep your imagination engaged with a project when it seems stagnant? Select all that apply.
- Give yourself one day off, but during that day talk with a friend about your project.
- Read an article that interests you, then think about its structure and how the writer mixes ideas and evidence.
- Start back at the beginning of the research process, and start brainstorming new, interesting ideas for a research question that will hold your attention.
- Ask your instructor to read and respond to a draft of your research paper or, if you are preparing an oral presentation, a detailed outline.
- Determine your own “production” style and make it work for you.
A: Give yourself one day off, but during that day talk with a friend about your project.; Read an article that interests you, then think about its structure and how the writer mixes ideas and evidence.; Ask your instructor to read and respond to a draft of your research paper or, if you are preparing an oral presentation, a detailed outline.; Determine your own “production” style and make it work for you.

Q: In The Elements of Library Research, the author identifies which method as the best for finding articles written by authorities and professionals:
- Limit to full-text articles
- Limit to newspaper articles
- Limit to magazine articles
- Limit to scholarly, peer-reviewed articles
- Limit to a particular date range
A: Limit to scholarly, peer-reviewed articles

Q: According to Mary George what is the purpose of thinking critically about each aspect of the research process? Select all that apply:
- You can better choose and employ reference tools as you see what sources you are, and are not uncovering.
- You can anticipate the final shadow of your project and the ' light at the end of the tunnel.
- You can determine as early as possible how a specific source may fit into your future presentation.
- It will save you time because you won't have to find as many alternate sources.
A: You can anticipate the final shadow of your project and the ' light at the end of the tunnel.; You can determine as early as possible how a specific source may fit into your future presentation.; It will save you time because you won't have to find as many alternate sources.

Q: One can be misled by superficial characteristics of a Web site, or any source for that matter.  The source might appear to be professional when in fact, it is not.  There are several criteria that can be used to determine if a source is "better" than another for use in an academic argument.  Please check all that apply:
- It has a professional appearance with creative graphics.
- Its author is an established scholar.
- It has extensive notes and/or bibliography.
- It was published by a peer-reviewed journal.
- It was published more than 20 years ago.
A: Its author is an established scholar.; It has extensive notes and/or bibliography.; It was published by a peer-reviewed journal.

Q: What is the worst way to restrict your search results according to Mary George?
- Clicking the option that allows you to target scholarly articles
- Concentrating on your keywords in Boolean Logic
- Minimizing the number of results by date
- Narrowing results to full-text items
A: Narrowing results to full-text items

Q: What are some similarities between newspapers and magazines?
- Both have short articles
- Both have interviews
- Both write about events daily
- Both A and B
- Both B and C
A: Both A and B

Q: What is the final method with definition that Mary George covers in her book about discovering sources?
- Backtracking: looking back at significant sources that scholars with similar research questions to yours.
- Verification: untangling references that look wrong by doing a keyword search or asking a librarian to verify the citation.
- Known-item approach: Determine whether the source is a whole book, chapter, an article, or something else.
- Keyword Approach: most basic keyword search will reveal additional terms that will turn in titles, jot down the new ideas and words for future use.
A: Backtracking: looking back at significant sources that scholars with similar research questions to yours.

Q: When searching for sources, starting with assigned subject searches will return more useful results.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: According to the Copyright on Campus video which of the following needs to be considered when trying to decide if your use of a copyrighted work is fair?
- The purpose and character of the use
- The nature of the copyrighted work
- The amount of substantiality
- The effect on the market
- All of the above needs to be considered
A: All of the above needs to be considered

Q: What is the golden rule of fair use, as far as using copyrighted items is concerned?
- As long as you credit the source you can use any information you want.
- "Non-commercial use is often fair use."
- Less is always better.
- "Take from someone else only what you wouldn't mind someone taking from you."
A: "Take from someone else only what you wouldn't mind someone taking from you."

Q: Where in the APA manual can you find the citation rules for a federal testimony at a federal hearing?
- A7.02
- 7.03
- A7.04
- A7.0A5
A: A7.0A5

Q: What steps can you use to make citing sources easier? Select all that apply.
- Take clear, accurate notes about where you found specific ideas.
- Credit authors only when you quote a specific idea.
- Note the complete citation for each idea.
- Properly indicate any quoted material.
- All of the above
A: Take clear, accurate notes about where you found specific ideas.; Note the complete citation for each idea.; Properly indicate any quoted material.

Q: What is the definition of 'The Information Cycle'?
- A circle of information all pertaining to the same subject
- The progression of media coverage of a particular newsworthy event.
- The unwanted spread and exaggeration of gossip or unreliable information.
- The process by which researchers accumulate statistics on a particular topic.
A: The progression of media coverage of a particular newsworthy event.

Q: What are some internet domain names? Select all that apply.
- .edu, .com, .biz, .coop
- .yahoo, .gov, .mil, .ind
- .aero, .net, .museum, .name
- .comp, .google, .biz, .info
A: .edu, .com, .biz, .coop; .aero, .net, .museum, .name

Q: According to the "Fair Use" rule, which one of these sources is considered fair use?
- Criticism and Comment
- Parody
- News reporting
- All of the above
A: All of the above

Q: Which of the following examples are not legal, fair uses of information? Select all that apply.
- John copies the most recent novel by David Baldacci, adds some of his own drawings, creates a quality binding, and sells it to friends, family, and strangers to supplement his meager income.
- Sarah is using a quote she found in a research article for her persuasive essay in her English 1101 class.
- Krystal is a newspaper journalist writing an article about a recent event. She uses information from online that she found about the event for her article.
- Rochelle learns that an expensive textbook for her anatomy and physiology class is available in the library and copies the whole book, so she does not have to purchase it herself.
A: John copies the most recent novel by David Baldacci, adds some of his own drawings, creates a quality binding, and sells it to friends, family, and strangers to supplement his meager income.; Rochelle learns that an expensive textbook for her anatomy and physiology class is available in the library and copies the whole book, so she does not have to purchase it herself.

Q: Information becomes available to the general public on an anticipated timeline.  Which order, from fastest to slowest, does the information appear?
- Internet, newspaper, scholarly article, book, popular magazine.
- Internet, newspaper, book, popular magazine, scholarly article.
- Internet, newspaper, popular magazine, scholarly article, book.
A: Internet, newspaper, popular magazine, scholarly article, book.

Q: According to Mary W. George, what good habits are required while doing a research project? Select all that apply.
- Discuss your project with friends throughout the process and heed their comments.
- Rehearse your argument in your mind while you exercise and before you fall asleep.
- Allow twice as much time for your research as you think you should need.
- Critique your own research process both as it occurs and when it is over.
A: Discuss your project with friends throughout the process and heed their comments.; Rehearse your argument in your mind while you exercise and before you fall asleep.; Allow twice as much time for your research as you think you should need.; Critique your own research process both as it occurs and when it is over.

Q: Backtracking, the final method in discovering sources, is sometimes called ________, and how is this step fulfilled?
- Footnote stalking – Looking back at sources you have already deemed valuable and check the bibliographies for other sources that may be significant.
- Backpedaling - Retracing your steps to make sure you haven’t missed any sources.
- Recanting - Going over all of your sources and verify their significance.
A: Footnote stalking – Looking back at sources you have already deemed valuable and check the bibliographies for other sources that may be significant.

Q: What are the stages that are involved in an argument according to Mary George? Select all that apply.
- Examining viewpoints and reconciling differences
- Discovering your sources, whatever their type and format, which naturally provide their creators' arguments.
- Following your insight, you will construct your own detailed argument.
- Deciding on your initial idea about your topic, which will develop as you continue your work through the process.
A: Discovering your sources, whatever their type and format, which naturally provide their creators' arguments.; Following your insight, you will construct your own detailed argument.; Deciding on your initial idea about your topic, which will develop as you continue your work through the process.

Q: In the book The Elements of Library Research, Mary George focuses on tactics for discovering sources. What are the tactics that she focuses on? Select all that apply.
- Keyword approach
- Verification
- Backtracking
- Evaluating
- Known-item approach
- Browsing
- Toadstool peeking
- Assigned-subject approach
A: Keyword approach; Verification; Backtracking; Known-item approach; Browsing; Assigned-subject approach

Q: When evaluating your sources, you should consider each source in relation to which of the following? Select all that apply.
- Your general topic
- Your research question
- Your insight, once it happens
- Usefulness towards your presentation
A: Your general topic; Your research question; Your insight, once it happens; Usefulness towards your presentation

Q: According to Mary George, sources… (Select all that apply.)
- Support our opinion
- Clarify a point
- Summarize previous work
- Validate a method
A: Clarify a point; Summarize previous work; Validate a method

Q: Which of the following is correct about an argument?  Select all that apply.
- Its function is to guide the reader
- Its function is to guide the writer
- It needs to be clear
- It needs to convince
A: Its function is to guide the reader; It needs to be clear; It needs to convince

Q: In serious writing, sources __________ and _________ an argument, not vice versa.
- Describe and relate
- Precede and support
- Analyze and precede
- Support and portray
A: Precede and support

Q: Which tools can be used to help you find and access the full text of the following reference?

APA:

Malumbres-Olarte, J., Cruickshank, R. H., Ferguson, C. M., Barton, D. M., Barratt, B. P., Vink, C. J., & Paterson, A. M. (2013). Habitat specificity, dispersal and burning season: Recovery indicators in New Zealand native grassland communities [electronic resource]. Biological Conservation, 160, 140-149.

MLA:

Malumbres-Olarte, Jagoba, et al. "Habitat Specificity, Dispersal and Burning Season: Recovery Indicators in New Zealand Native Grassland Communities [Electronic Resource]." Biological Conservation 160.(2013): 140-149. Agricola. Web. 26 Apr. 2014.

Select all the apply:
- PRIMO
- The library catalog
- The A-Z Journal List
- Academic Search Complete database
- Interlibrary loan
A: PRIMO; The A-Z Journal List; Academic Search Complete database

Q: Which option is not the correct way to properly use a source?
- To Summarize previous work
- Offer a fact
- Validate a method
- Prove an opinion
- None of the above
A: Prove an opinion

Q: According to Mary George, how should you use sources for arguments in serious writing?
- Make your claim, then find the sources that prove the claim
- Sources should precede and support an argument
- Sources are not a necessary tool in argumentative writing
A: Sources should precede and support an argument

Q: When you want to narrow your search results, what are the special links you need to look for? Select all that apply.
- Selection
- Modify
- Refine
- Revise
- Qualify
A: Modify; Refine; Revise; Qualify

Q: Which of the following are physical formats for sources found in the library? Select all that apply.
- Three-dimensional objects, such as globes or models.
- Hand written or typed manuscripts.
- Collection of documents from a person, family, or organization.
- Printed photographs or illustrations including art.
A: Three-dimensional objects, such as globes or models.; Hand written or typed manuscripts.; Collection of documents from a person, family, or organization.; Printed photographs or illustrations including art.

Q: Why is it important to use newspapers?
- To find current information about our community, region, country, & world
- Keep up-to-date on current events
- Find editorials, commentaries, and expert or popular opinions.
- All of the above
A: All of the above

Q: Why is copyright important?
- For authors to control the use of their work for a limited time
- To make people pay for information
- To punish those who steal
- To limit the number of people that can obtain the information
A: For authors to control the use of their work for a limited time

Q: When is an academic journal article that analyzes a particular event available?
- The day of the event
- The day after the event
- Six months to a year after the event
- The week after the event
A: Six months to a year after the event

Q: It's not plagiarism if I use material from a paper for multiple classes, so I don't need to tell my instructors.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: The interpretation by anyone or evidence related to the event, individual, or issue under study is considered a primary source.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Criteria that distinguish newspapers from other types of sources would be?  Select all that apply.
- Newspapers contain daily current events
- Newspapers are peer reviewed
- A source where you can find sections that include editorials, commentaries, and expert or popular opinions
- Newspapers contain references
A: Newspapers contain daily current events; A source where you can find sections that include editorials, commentaries, and expert or popular opinions

Q: Select the search engine(s) that are considered academic search sngines (select all that apply):
- WorldCat - worldcat.org
- msn.com
- Google Scholar - scholar.google.com
- Microsoft Academic Search - academic.research.microsoft.com
- DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals - doaj.org
- BASE - base-search.net
- Wolfram|Alpha - wolframalpha.com
- Mahalo - mahalo.com
A: WorldCat - worldcat.org; Google Scholar - scholar.google.com; Microsoft Academic Search - academic.research.microsoft.com; DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals - doaj.org; BASE - base-search.net

Q: Which of the following internet search domains seem to be used primarily by American government entities?
- .gov, .edu, .org
- .net only
- .edu, .com, .net, .mil
- .mil, .gov, .us
A: .mil, .gov, .us

Q: What is the most important factor in determining whether using copyright material is fair use?
- The amount of money retained by the individual or company using the author's original work.
- Quality
- Quantity
- The purpose and character of your intended use of the material involved.
A: The purpose and character of your intended use of the material involved.

Q: You should only use the ideas of other to strengthen or reinforce your own argument?
- True
- False
A: True

Q: In Research Strategies William Badke writes: "You have a working knowledge of a topic when you can talk about it for one minute without repeating yourself" (28). Why does he say students should gain a working knowledge of their topic? Select the best answers below. (Select all that apply.)
- Because he is a librarian (Badke is a librarian, but this is not the correct answer. Instead, the answer is because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters.)
- Because it gives you enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory (Yes, this is part of the answer, because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters.)
- Because it gives you the basics of a topic. (Yes, this is part of the answer, because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters.)
- Because background information in Wikipedia is often amazingly reliable. (Badke does write this, but this is not the correct answer. Instead, the answer is because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters.)
- Because a working knowledge is enough to tell you what the topic entails, what its boundaries are, even what some of its controversies, mysteries and dangers might be. (Yes, this is part of the answer, because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters.)
A: Because it gives you enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory; Because it gives you the basics of a topic.; Because a working knowledge is enough to tell you what the topic entails, what its boundaries are, even what some of its controversies, mysteries and dangers might be.

Q: Complete the following statement with the answers below: William Badke says you can use Wikipedia...
- with reasonable caution. (Yes, this part of the answer. He suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
- never. (No, he suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
- for background information. (Yes, this part of the answer. He suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
- to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles. (Yes, this part of the answer. He suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
- in research bibliographies, such as lists of works cited or reference lists. (No, he suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
- and compare what you read with other reference sources. (Yes, this part of the answer. He suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
- for your own development in a topic. (Yes, this part of the answer. He suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
A: with reasonable caution.; for background information.; to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles.; and compare what you read with other reference sources.; for your own development in a topic.

Q: In his book, Research Strategies, Badke claims that the trouble with an open-ended question is:
- that it kills your focus or at least broadens it into something too big to deal with, because you are trying to answer too many questions. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text.)
- that professors will wonder what the purpose of your paper is. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text.)
- because it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. (Yes, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text.)
- that it isn't clear enough to make it possible to answer. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text.)
- because it tries to answer questions that the data simply will not answer. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text.)
A: because it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers.

Q: Known-item searching is when I already know what type of search and keywords I want to use.
- True
- False
A: False
Feedback: Known-item searching is when you know the source you are wanting to locate (George 95-96).

Q: What is it called when you search for a book or article that you saw listed at the end of of an encyclopedia article? Choose the best answer.
- Assigned-subject searching (No, this is a known-item search, which can also be called backtracking.)
- Concept searching (No, this is a known-item search, which can also be called backtracking.)
- Known-item searching (Yes, this is a known-item search, and it can also be called backtracking.)
- Controlled-vocabulary searching (No, this is a known-item search, which can also be called backtracking.)
A: Known-item searching

Q: According to William Badke controlled vocabularies...
- seek to tell what the data is actually about regardless of the words used in the title.
- help the searcher find nearly everything in the database on the topic.
- require the searchers to use the assigned descriptors or subjects within the system.
- will have many words or subject headings that represent the same thing.
- Answers a., b., and c.
A: Answers a., b., and c.

Q: When using two or more keywords, which of the following database commands, codes, or operators will usually increase your results in a library catalog or journal article database search?
- The or operator or connector
- A truncation code such as an asterisk (*) or a question mark (?)
- The and operator or connector
- The not operator or connector
- Both a. and b.
A: Both a. and b.

Q: Which of the following types of searches will increase your precision, or yield a higher percentage of relevant results?
- Controlled vocabulary search
- Assigned subject search
- Keyword Boolean search
- An Internet search
- Both a. and b.
A: Both a. and b.

Q: For your sociology assignment you need to find information about the impact of private prisons. Look at the boxed example below from an online periodicals database to answer this question:

Which of the Subjects listed should you view to find related information about the impact of private prisons?  (1 pt)

[Image: Subject Headings]
- Inmates
- Corrections (Criminal Justice administration) – Contracting out
- Private Prisons
- Prisons - Arizona
A: Corrections (Criminal Justice administration) – Contracting out

Q: According to the Copyright on Campus video which of the following needs to be considered when trying to decide if your use of a copyrighted work is fair?
- The purpose and character of the use
- The nature of the copyrighted work
- The amount of substantiality
- The effect of the market
- All of the above needs to be considered
A: All of the above needs to be considered

Q: Which of the follow is correct about an argument?  Select all that apply.
- Its function is to guide the reader
- Its function is to guide the writer
- It needs to be clear
- It needs to convince
A: Its function is to guide the reader; It needs to be clear; It needs to convince

Q: Which tools can be used to help you find and access the full text of the following reference?

APA:

Malumbres-Olarte, J., Cruickshank, R. H., Ferguson, C. M., Barton, D. M., Barratt, B. P., Vink, C. J., & Paterson, A. M. (2013). Habitat specificity, dispersal and burning season: Recovery indicators in New Zealand native grassland communities [electronic resource]. Biological Conservation, 160, 140-149.

MLA:

Malumbres-Olarte, Jagoba, et al. "Habitat Specificity, Dispersal and Burning Season: Recovery Indicators in New Zealand Native Grassland Communities [Electronic Resource]." Biological Conservation 160.(2013): 140-149. Agricola. Web. 26 Apr. 2014.

Select all the apply:
- PRIMO
- The library catalog
- The A-Z Journal List
- Academic Search Complete database
- Interlibrary loan
A: PRIMO; The A-Z Journal List

Q: The interpretation by anyone of evidence related to the event, individual, or issue under study is considered a primary source.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: What did William Badke declare Research Strategies: Finding Your Way through the Information Fog to be about?
- Computer literacy (Badke's book is about information research.)
- Information research (Badke's book is about information research.)
- Library literacy (Badke's book is about information research.)
- The development of scientific experiments (Badke's book is about information research.)
A: Information research

Q: How do non-literate societies handle information?
- They have little or no use for knowledge and information. (No, qualified persons pass information orally to other members of the society or culture.)
- Qualified persons pass information orally to other members of the society or culture. (Yes, qualified persons pass information orally to other members of the society or culture.)
- They use gatekeepers to control all new information in order to maintain the status quo. (No, qualified persons pass information orally to other members of the society or culture.)
- Pre-literate societies accept any and all information at face value. (No, qualified persons pass information orally to other members of the society or culture.)
A: Qualified persons pass information orally to other members of the society or culture.

Q: How did the invention of writing change the pre-writing methods by which a society handled information?
- Knowledge could be preserved in print.
- Memorization became increasingly important.
- Keepers of knowledge were no longer viewed as tradition experts.
- People continued to feel a need to know everything about their societies, and narrow world around them.
A: Knowledge could be preserved in print.

Q: According to Badke, who used the printing press to "revolutionize the use of information in society?
- Chinese
- Egyptians
- Native Americans
- Europeans
A: Europeans

Q: What is peer review a process of?
- Elitism
- Gatekeeping
- Discovery
- Snobbery
A: Gatekeeping

Q: What four things do you need  if you are to take charge of your research?
- an intense desire to do a brilliant project, time to plan your research, to become a friend to structure, and lateral thinking (Correct. Answer found on p. 23 of Research Strategies (Badke, 2014))
- lateral thinking, good data, a broad focus, and a working knowledge of topic (Incorrect. Answer found on p. 23 of Research Strategies (Badke, 2014))
- quality data, plenty of time, a tried-and-true approach, and an interest in succeeding (Incorrect. Answer found on p. 23 of Research Strategies (Badke, 2014))
- a focus on generalities, a banal research question, a familiar topic, and plenty of time (Incorrect. Answer found on p. 23 of Research Strategies (Badke, 2014))
A: an intense desire to do a brilliant project, time to plan your research, to become a friend to structure, and lateral thinking

Q: According to Badke (2014), what is the key to genuine research?
- a balanced mix of primary and secondary source materials (incorrect)
- lots of data or facts (incorrect)
- a good question (correct)
- relevant information
A: a good question

Q: What three things do you need to seek if you want to do research well?
- a good question with a narrow focus, a sound working knowledge of the topic, and a knowledge that what you propose to do is approved by your professor (correct answer (Badke, 2014, p. 28))
- data synthesis, relevant information, and lateral thinking (incorrect answer: see (Badke, 2014, p. 28))
- to plan your research project well in advance of the due date, to not panic, and to take charge of your research (incorrect answer: see (Badke, 2014, p. 28))
- to not panic, to grapple with a problem, and data as your only goal (incorrect answer: see (Badke, 2014, p. 28))
A: a good question with a narrow focus, a sound working knowledge of the topic, and a knowledge that what you propose to do is approved by your professor

Q: Working knowledge is when you can talk about your topic for two minutes without repeating yourself.
- True
- False
A: False
Feedback: the definition is incorrect. See Badke, 2014, p. 31

Q: The most useful venue for good reference information is ...
- A professor (incorrect. See Badke, 2014, p. 32)
- The Internet (Incorrect. See Badke, 2014, p. 32)
- A library (Correct. See Badke, 2014, p. 32)
- A classmate (Incorrect. See Badke, 2014, p. 32)
A: A library

Q: Almost anyone can edit a Wikipedia entry; however, certain safeguards have been put in place to "preserve the structure," provide a "measure of objectivity" and to assure site integrity. With this in mind, Wikipedia has been termed "truth by consensus or wikiality." Who coined the term "wikiality?"
- Steve Jobs (Incorrect. See Badke, 2014, p. 34)
- William Badke (Incorrect. See Badke, 2014, p. 34)
- Stephen Colbert (Correct! See Badke, 2014, p. 34)
- Mary W. George (Incorrect. See Badke, 2014, p. 34)
A: Stephen Colbert
Feedback: See Badke, 2014, p. 34

Q: A thesis statement is a provisional answer to a research question.
- True (See Badke, 2014, p. 37)
- False (See Badke, 2014, p. 37)
A: True

Q: A research project has the following structure:

1. begins with a question

2. collects data

3. synthesizes data, and put it together in a coherent form

4. analyzes data

5. presents conclusions and recommendations
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Use the drop down menu to select the appropriate response to the following questions: What is an open-ended question? What is a fuzzy question?  What is a "question that will not fly?
- What is a fuzzy question? | There is a question. But the "question "isn't clear enough to make it possible to answer"
- What is a "question that will not fly"? | "They try to answer problems that the data simply will not answer."
- What is an open-ended question? | The question "fragment[s] your conclusions into many possible answers."
Also offered: It's "the question that isn't there."; These are "multi-part questions>"; It is "highly complex question" with a broad focus.
Feedback: See Badke, 2014, p. 38

Q: Research is a grand soliloquy. Therefore, it can be viewed as a monologue between text and reader.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Answer the following questions by selecting the correct response from the drop-down window.  What is a fuzzy question? What is a question that "just isn't there"? What is a "will not fly" question? What is a multi-part question?
- What is a fuzzy question? | It is either unclear or ambiguous.
- What is a question that "just isn't there"? | It is a question that does not lead to real research.
- What is a "will not fly" question? | It is a question that seeks solutions that can't be tested or measured; it delves into the unknown.
- What is a multi-part question? | It is a question with multiple goals, which divide your paper up...and destroy unity.
Also offered: It is a question without a valid topic.; The question focuses on specific research.
Feedback: Badke, W. (2014). Research Strategies: Finding your Way through the Information Fog. 5th ed. Bloomington: Universe LLC. (p. 250-263)

Q: A thesis statement is a proposed answer to a research question.
- True (Yes, a thesis statement is a proposed answer to a research question.)
- False (Incorrect, a thesis statement is a proposed answer to a research question.)
A: True
Feedback: Badke, W. (2014). Research Strategies: Finding your Way through the Information Fog. 5th ed. Bloomington: Universe LLC. (p. 250-263)

Q: The research question approach is best for students who are not yet comfortable with doing research papers.
- True
- False
A: True
Feedback: Badke, W. (2014). Research Strategies: Finding your Way through the Information Fog. 5th ed. Bloomington: Universe LLC. (p. 250-263)

Q: According to Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012), "Information-Literate individuals critically analyze information and its sources to ensure that it is useful. Critically analyzing information for its effectiveness and usefulness is an academic process." Match the correct statement to the step in the research process. [Each step is worth 0.5 points for a total of 2.5 possible points]
- Step 1: | Define the need.
- Step 2: | Find the information.
- Step 3: | Evaluate the information.
- Step 4: | Organize the information.
- Step 5: | Communicate the information.
Feedback: All questions and answers are drawn from Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012).

Q: According to Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012), there are three basic types of journals and magazines.  What are they?
- Reference materials, books, and popular magazines
- Scholarly journals, trade publications, and popular magazines
- Newspapers, research materials, and web news
- Scholarly journals, web news, and popular magazines
A: Scholarly journals, trade publications, and popular magazines
Feedback: Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012)

Q: Researchers gather data for specific purposes, to answer specific questions, and then create research articles using a structured format  to describe the results of their research study. Noticeably, data presentations will vary. Understanding what type of information you are searching for will aid in evaluating the usefulness of an article.

True or False: Qualitative data describes the characteristics or observations of something. Conversely, quantitative data measures something.
- True
- False
A: True
Feedback: Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012)

Q: What is a peer-reviewed journal?
- A refereed journal
- A popular magazine
- A web site that allows anyone and everyone to delete or add to a screen page
- A trade publication
A: A refereed journal
Feedback: Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012)

Q: Based on Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012) a literature review is placed after the introduction of a paper. Additionally, a literature review provides a brief overview of the relevant research, as well as applicable current research in that area of investigation, provides background information on the topic, and provides a solid formation for a topic.

Is this statement true or false?
- True
- False
A: True
Feedback: Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012)

Q: Citing references correctly is highly esteemed in our academic culture. What is "highly unethical, illegal, and can lead to being reprehended, fired, or sued" (Solomon, Wilson, & Taylor, 2012).
- Plagiarism
- Hypothesis
- Quantitative data
- Qualitative data
A: Plagiarism
Feedback: Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012)

Q: Popular magazines are the most useful sources of current information. Their main purpose is to bring creditable information to the public's attention as quickly as possible.
- True
- False
A: False
Feedback: Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012)

Q: As an academic researcher, you will be responsible for evaluating  authors' credibility before including their work in your research papers. When considering the reliability and qualifications of an author, you will want to consider what things?
- Expertise on the topic, experience in the field, evidence of academic background and credentials, and certification
- Expertise on the topic, your classmate's recommendation, you used a paper mill and it's all good
- Certification, licensure, and word of your family
- We are all very busy people, and an email address is sufficient verification.
A: Expertise on the topic, experience in the field, evidence of academic background and credentials, and certification
Feedback: Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012)

Q: Match the extension with the appropriate type of organization
- .edu | Educational institute
- .com | Commercial organization
- .gov | Government agency
- .mil | Military entities
- .net | Internet service providers
- .biz | Business

Q: What does Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor mean by currency?
- In this case, currency refers to money in relation to information gathering.
- In this case, currency refers to the universality of information.
- In this case, currency refers to the timeliness of information.
- In this case, currency refers to the readability of information.
A: In this case, currency refers to the timeliness of information.

Q: In performing research, one must consider the delivery method: digital or print, resources--scholarly journals, trade publications, popular magazines, web sites and databases--as well as the authors and the timeliness of the articles.  According to Solomon,Wilson, and Taylor (2012), what other three things are to be considered when evaluating multimedia resources?
- Functionality, useability, accessibility
- Readability, vulnerability, accessibility
- Validity, usability, reliability
- Accessibility, Readability, Usability
A: Functionality, useability, accessibility
Feedback: Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012)

Q: According to Balke (2014), what is a database?
- A database is any collection of data that can be retrieved using organized search procedures.
- A database refers to the timeliness, as well as the universality of information housed in campus libraries.
- A database describes the scholarly observations, characteristics, and measurements recorded by university researchers.
- A database is the general name for a Universal Resource Locator.
A: A database is any collection of data that can be retrieved using organized search procedures.

Q: Electronic search strategies have been standardized for easier research collection. Hence, a Boolean search and a Keyword search are interchangeable terms.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: A good  application of the OR Command in a Boolean search is when using__________________.
- Hierarchies
- Synonyms and antonyms
- Different or disparate keywords
- Clustering
A: Synonyms and antonyms

Q: Synonyms are defined as two or more words with opposite meanings.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Clustering refers to the process of combing multiple search engines, gathering specific data, and placing that information on a list for easier review.  Badke (2014) identifies two such search engines. What are they?
- Carrot20 and Yippy10
- Carrot20 and Google Wonder Wheel
- Carrot2 and Yippy
- Yippy and Shutterfly
A: Carrot2 and Yippy

Q: Badke (2014) identifies three search commands associated with a Boolean search. What are they?
- OR Command, INTERNET Command, INTERACTIVE Command
- OR Command, AND Command, NOT Command
- BUT Command, AND Command, OR Command
- INTERACTIVE Command, BUT Command, OR Command
A: OR Command, AND Command, NOT Command

Q: Based on Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012) a literature review is placed after the introduction of a paper. Additionally, a literature review provides a brief overview of the relevant research, as well as applicable current research in that area of investigation, provides background information on the topic, and provides a solid formation for a topic.

Is this statement true of false.
- True
- False
A: True
Feedback: Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012)

Q: A good  application of the OR Command in a Boolean search is when using__________________.
- Hierarchies
- Synonyms
- Venn Diagrams
- Clustering
A: Synonyms

Q: When looking at the following bibliographic reference, what kind of formatting style is used for book titles in both the APA and the MLA references?
- MLA: Hawkins, John P., and Walter Randolph Adams. Health Care in Maya Guatemala: Confronting Medical Pluralism in a Developing Country. U of Oklahoma P, 2007.
- APA: Hawkins, J. P., & Adams, W. R. (2007). Health care in Maya Guatemala: Confronting medical pluralism in a developing country. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press.
- Roman font style
- Italics font style
- Abbreviations
- Surname or last name is given first, followed by the first name or initials
A: Italics font style

Q: When looking at the following bibliographic reference, where can the publication information be found in both the APA and the MLA references?

- MLA: Hawkins, John P., and Walter Randolph Adams. Health Care in Maya Guatemala: Confronting Medical Pluralism in a Developing Country. U of Oklahoma P, 2007.
- APA: Hawkins, J. P., & Adams, W. R. (2007). Health care in Maya Guatemala: Confronting medical pluralism in a developing country. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press.
- After the date
- After the author and before the book title
- After the publisher's name
- After the book title
- It cannot be determined with the information provided
A: After the book title

Q: When looking at the following bibliographic reference, what are two differences in how the APA and the MLA citation styles format a book reference?

- MLA: Hawkins, John P., and Walter Randolph Adams. Health Care in Maya Guatemala: Confronting Medical Pluralism in a Developing Country. U of Oklahoma P, 2007.
- APA: Hawkins, J. P., & Adams, W. R. (2007). Health care in Maya Guatemala: Confronting medical pluralism in a developing country. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press.
- How the given or first names are written and where the date appears
- How the last names are written and where the date appears
- How the surnames are formatted and where the publisher's name is placed
- The font style of the title and the location of the place of publication
- APA uses headline style capitalization for book titles, and MLA uses sentence style capitalization.
A: How the given or first names are written and where the date appears

Q: What is the difference between a citation and a bibliographic reference?
- A citation appears at the end of a paper/article and gives all the information needed to find the quoted source, while a bibliographic reference shows up in the writing and only provides the author's last name and the source's page number or year of publication.
- A citation refers you to web sites and government documents, while a bibliographic reference only points to book and article sources.
- Citations give brief information about a source of information in the body of writing that points the reader to a more complete list of information about the sources cited at the end of the body of writing.
- Citations are given to drivers who break the speed limit, and bibliographic references are another way of talking about dictionaries, encyclopedias, almanacs, handbooks, etc.
A: Citations give brief information about a source of information in the body of writing that points the reader to a more complete list of information about the sources cited at the end of the body of writing.

Q: Why should we cite or document the work of others? Choose the best answer.
- To acknowledge the work of others who have influenced your work, to enable readers to retrieve the sources of information you have used, and to help readers place your contributions in context
- To enable readers to track your information sources, to impress your readers, and to show how well you have mastered your chosen citation style
- To establish your own credibility, to be academically honest, and to include the author's last name, plus a page number or year
A: To acknowledge the work of others who have influenced your work, to enable readers to retrieve the sources of information you have used, and to help readers place your contributions in context

Q: What is metadata?
- Metadata refers to the vast array of information available from a Google search.
- Metadata refers to a single keyword search that finds all useful information about your topic.
- Metadata refers a user-friendly data retrieval system that differentiates texts, recognizes your search criteria, and returns the most pertinent information for your perusal.
- Metadata refers to a system of field terms that come along with the data, descriptive labels.
A: Metadata refers to a system of field terms that come along with the data, descriptive labels.
Feedback: Information for this quiz can be found in Badke, W. (2014). Research strategies: Finding your way through the information fog. 5th ed. Bloomington: iUniverse, p. 71-93.

Q: What is Metadata?
- Metadata refers to the vast array of data available from a Google search.
- Metadata refers to a system of field terms that come along with the data, descriptive labels.
- Metadata refers to a data retrieval system that differentiates texts, recognizes important information for your search criteria, and returns the most pertinent information for your perusal.
- Metadata refers to a controlled vocabulary.
A: Metadata refers to a system of field terms that come along with the data, descriptive labels.

Q: What is metadata?
- Metadata refers to the vast array of information available from a Google search. (No, metadata refers to a system of field terms that come along with the data, descriptive labels. See section 4.2 "Understanding metadata" (pages 74 & 75 in particular).)
- Metadata refers to a system of field terms that come along with the data, descriptive labels. (Yes, metadata refers to a system of field terms that come along with the data, descriptive labels. See section 4.2 "Understanding metadata" (pages 74 & 75 in particular).)
- Metadata refers to a controlled vocabulary. (No, metadata refers to a system of field terms that come along with the data, descriptive labels. See section 4.2 "Understanding metadata" (pages 74 & 75 in particular).)
- Metadata refers to a data retrieval system that differentiates text relevancy, recognizes important information from search criteria, and returns the most pertinent information for researchers' perusal. (No, metadata refers to a system of field terms that come along with the data, descriptive labels. See section 4.2 "Understanding metadata" (pages 74 & 75 in particular).)
A: Metadata refers to a system of field terms that come along with the data, descriptive labels.

Q: What is folksonomy?
- Folksonomy refers to a user-created method of labeling items so that you or anyone else in your circle of friends or colleagues can use these labels to find your items.
- Folksonomy refers to user-friendly subheadings found in a data record. (Folksonomy refers to the establishment of a data dump.)
- Folksonomy refers to the recording, storing, and retrieving of data gathered by computer folklorists.
- Folksonomy refers to the data-mining of biographical and bibliographic information from a website.
A: Folksonomy refers to a user-created method of labeling items so that you or anyone else in your circle of friends or colleagues can use these labels to find your items.

Q: According to required course readings, what did the librarians at the Library of Congress develop to expedite retrieval of materials from their collection?
- Subject headings
- Folksonomy tags
- Qualitative data rules
- Keyword search strategies
A: Subject headings

Q: Any database is only as useful as its retrieval capability.  True or False
- True
- False
A: True

Q: A "data record" is an extensive description of all materials found in a campus library.
- True (Incorrect. A data "record" is a short description of the data. Each record describes a book in the library holdings or an article in the databases. Typically, a record shows the title, author, subject headings, publication information, abstract/contents, etc. for books or articles.)
- False (Correct. A data "record" is a short description of the data. Each record describes a book in the library holdings or an article in the databases. Typically, a record shows the title, author, subject headings, publication information, abstract/contents, etc. for books or articles.)
A: False

Q: For this question, you are to match terminology with its appropriate descriptor.
- Data record | a short description of the data
- Metadata | descriptive labels
- Subject Headings | an arbitrary list of terminology whereby most topics can be identified and organized alphabetically
- Data Dump | Information located in a database, that is difficult to retrieve
- Scope Note | is a definition of what is meant by a certain subject heading
- Keyword | is best used with narrow topics, and is your best guess.
Also offered: a method of tagging items for easy retrieval by friends and associates

Q: In our discussion on information literacy, we defined data and information differently. How is data different from information?
- Each discipline uses the same kind of data, while every disciplines looks at different types of information.
- The types of data are different in each discipline, but types of information are the same in each discipline.
- Data is only gathered in controlled laboratory experiments, while information is gathered from articles, books, and websites.
- Data is gathered from articles, books, and websites, while information is collected from controlled laboratory experiments, surveys, opinion polls, case studies, and "texts."
A: The types of data are different in each discipline, but types of information are the same in each discipline.

What are the five parts of information literacy or the five learning objectives for this course?

Q: Which of the following is the term for a lie that is received as a truth?
- Information (No, disinformation is when a lie is believed.)
- Misinformation (No, disinformation is when a lie is believed.)
- Disinformation (Yes, disinformation is when a lie is believed.)
- Non-information (No, disinformation is when a lie is believed.)
A: Disinformation

Q: According to the "Evaluating Information: Applying the CRAAP Test," in which category should the following question be placed:
- How does the information answer your research question?
- Currency
- Relevance
- Authority
- Accuracy
- Purpose
A: Relevance

Q: Which of the following is almost not even a citation system, since it does not include the author's information, the date, or even the page number within the citation? Instead, it uses parenthetical or superscript numbers to refer to the bibliographic reference at the end of the paper.
- Humanities Style
- Name or Name-Year (Harvard) System
- Citation Sequence or Citation Name System
A: Citation Sequence or Citation Name System

Enter a Boolean search statement correctly using at least four out of the six kinds of operators, characters, or symbols:
- AND
- OR
- NOT
- Proximity operator
- Wildcard character
- Truncation code

Remember to include parentheses when it is appropriate to do so.

Q: What is escapist fiction?
- Fiction that is considered great literature, and has engaged readers for generations.
- Fiction that does not claim to be great literature, but promises to be entertaining and help readers avoid reality.
- Fiction that has well-developed plots and characters.
- Fiction that is informative, timely, and prompts readers to consider pressing issues of personal concern.
A: Fiction that does not claim to be great literature, but promises to be entertaining and help readers avoid reality.

Q: When gathering research materials, time is of the essence. What four areas does Badke recommend reviewing before actually reading a book?
- Title page, preface, foreword, and introduction
- Table of contents, title pages, index, and foreword
- Abstract, table of contents, preface, and introduction
- Title page, glossary, index of contributing authors, preface
A: Title page, preface, foreword, and introduction

Q: Match the term with the correct definition.
- Primary source | A source that is directly associated with the producer and the time period in which it was created. May include experiment data, letters, journals, surveys, opinion polls, etc.
- Secondary source | Analyses and interpretations based on other sources. It is usually in the form of an article, a book, or a website.
- Data as goal | This kind of research involves learning everything about a topic and explaining what you have learned.
- Data as tool | This kind of research involves collecting information on your topic, identifying an issue or question on your topic, and using the information you find to solve that problem or issue.
- Wildcard character | A symbol that tells a database to replace one or zero letters in your keyword
- Truncation code | A symbol that tells a database to find different endings to a keyword
- Encyclopedia | A reference resource that serves as a hybrid tool, because it provides facts and points to other sources of information

Q: What is the theory behind documentation styles? In other words, why are there different ways to document and cite sources?
- To lead others to your sources, so they can learn even more about the topic (No, documentation styles reflect the needs of the different academic disciplines, the nature of academic information, and the conventions, rules, standards, or practices of scholarship)
- Documentation styles reflect the needs of the different academic disciplines, the nature of academic information, and the conventions, rules, standards, or practices of scholarship (Yes, documentation styles reflect the needs of the different academic disciplines, the nature of academic information, and the conventions, rules, standards, or practices of scholarship)
- Documenting sources of information gives credit where credit is due and promotes academic honesty (No, documentation styles reflect the needs of the different academic disciplines, the nature of academic information, and the conventions, rules, standards, or practices of scholarship)
- Some people decided to format references and citations according to their own personal preferences and others liked how they did it. (No, documentation styles reflect the needs of the different academic disciplines, the nature of academic information, and the conventions, rules, standards, or practices of scholarship)
A: Documentation styles reflect the needs of the different academic disciplines, the nature of academic information, and the conventions, rules, standards, or practices of scholarship

Q: The first step in analyzing a book's usefulness for your research is to read the abstract.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: True or false.

Research requires  in depth reading of articles and books on your topic. This type of close reading is done primarily to include you in the larger conversation going on between scholars in the field of discussion. Therefore, Badke's statement: research is for gluttons is correct.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Listed below are the 5 steps for analyzing a book's usefulness for your research project.

You are to match each step to its descriptor as described in William Badke's book, Research Strategies: Finding your Way through the Information Fog.

Each response is worth 0.40 of the 2 points available.
- Step 1 | Initially, review the title page, preface, foreword, and introduction.
- Step 2 | Carefully, read through the table of contents.
- Step 3 | Purposefully, review the index.
- Step 4 | Carefully, run-throurgh the book for an overview of the book's intent.
- Step 5 | Constantly, evaluate what you are reading, and ask probing questions.
Also offered: Thoroughly, read the abstract to get an overall understanding of the book's contents.; Quickly, read author's conclusion at the end of the book.

Q: Listed below are the 4 steps for analyzing an article's usefulness for your research project.

You are to match each step to its descriptor as described in William Badke's book, Research Strategies: Finding your Way through the Information Fog.

Each response is worth 0.25 of the 1 points available.
- Step 1 | Locate the abstract in a text to determine the author's main points and conclusion.
- Step 2 | Identify key propositons in the text.
- Step 3 | Review the author's conclusions at the end of the text.
- Step 4 | Read the entire text.
Also offered: Analyze the glossary.; Review the index.

Q: What are some of the disadvantages of searching a discovery tool?
- It requires that you search using subject headings in order to find any relevant results. (No, a discovery tool can add to the information fog by giving you too much information or too many results, requiring you to narrow by source type, date range, or other limiters. See pages 95 and 96.)
- It can help you find books, articles, maps, and other library resources with one quick search. (No, a discovery tool can add to the information fog by giving you too much information or too many results, requiring you to narrow by source type, date range, or other limiters. See pages 95 and 96.)
- It can add to the information fog by giving you too much information or too many results, requiring you to narrow by source type, date range, or other limiters. (Yes, a discovery tool can add to the information fog by giving you too much information or too many results, requiring you to narrow by source type, date range, or other limiters. See pages 95 and 96.)
- It only provides access to books, maps, journals, encyclopedias, handbooks, microfilm, and videos housed in the physical library building. (No, a discovery tool can add to the information fog by giving you too much information or too many results, requiring you to narrow by source type, date range, or other limiters. See pages 95 and 96.)
A: It can add to the information fog by giving you too much information or too many results, requiring you to narrow by source type, date range, or other limiters.

Q: According to Badke, in a library catalog search when would it make sense to conduct a controlled vocabulary subject heading search?
- When your topic is a reasonably standard one (Yes, "if your topic is a reasonably standard one, you will probably do best with a controlled vocabulary subject heading search." See page 98.)
- When your topic is not a standard one (No, "if your topic is a reasonably standard one, you will probably do best with a controlled vocabulary subject heading search." See page 98.)
- When your topic combines a couple of subject disciplines (No, "if your topic is a reasonably standard one, you will probably do best with a controlled vocabulary subject heading search." See page 98.)
- When your topic represents a non-traditional approach (No, "if your topic is a reasonably standard one, you will probably do best with a controlled vocabulary subject heading search." See page 98.)
A: When your topic is a reasonably standard one

Q: How can information hierarchies help searchers find books in a library catalog that are on their topic?
- Information hierarchies are not dependent on title terminology and can get you all the books generally on the subject. (No, information hierarchies can help searchers think of the broader topic where their narrower topic will be found, since few books will be exactly on searchers' topics. See pages 97 and 100.)
- Information hierarchies tend to function best when targeting specific and/or non-traditional approaches to topics. (No, information hierarchies can help searchers think of the broader topic where their narrower topic will be found, since few books will be exactly on searchers' topics. See pages 97 and 100.)
- Information hierarchies will spell out the subject headings searchers will want to use in order to find what they need. (No, information hierarchies can help searchers think of the broader topic where their narrower topic will be found, since few books will be exactly on searchers' topics. See pages 97 and 100.)
- Information hierarchies can help searchers think of the broader topic where their narrower topic will be found, since few books will be exactly on searchers' topics. (Yes, information hierarchies can help searchers think of the broader topic where their narrower topic will be found, since few books will be exactly on searchers' topics. See pages 97 and 100.)
A: Information hierarchies can help searchers think of the broader topic where their narrower topic will be found, since few books will be exactly on searchers' topics.

Q: What is one of the main challenges when you want to include e-books from specialized readers, such as a Kindle or Nook, in notes, an in-text citation, or a bibliography?
- One difficulty is that library-based e-books tend to be slow to load. (No, the original page numbers of the print document may have disappeared, making it more challenging to cite correctly in the text, notes, or a bibliography. See pages 102 and 103.)
- The copyright laws keep you from seeing the parts of the book you want to cite. (No, the original page numbers of the print document may have disappeared, making it more challenging to cite correctly in the text, notes, or a bibliography. See pages 102 and 103.)
- The original page numbers of the print document may have disappeared. (Yes, the original page numbers of the print document may have disappeared, making it more challenging to cite correctly in the text, notes, or a bibliography. See pages 102 and 103.)
- It is hard to keep your wits in place when working with e-books on e-readers. (No, the original page numbers of the print document may have disappeared, making it more challenging to cite correctly in the text, notes, or a bibliography. See pages 102 and 103.)
A: The original page numbers of the print document may have disappeared.

Q: Match each item with its descriptor.
- Popular magazines | This focuses expected to inform as well as entertain readers.
- Scholarly magazines | This focese on advanced reading levels, and tend to have notes and bibliographies.
- Trade magazines | This focuses on a specific disciple or topic.
- ILL | This refers to Interlibraray Loan Service
Also offered: They are printed daily, and have the most current area information.; This irefers to journal delivery dervice.

Q: What information is included in a journal article citation (print version)?
- Author of article, date published, article title, journal title, volume number, issue number, page number
- Author of article, article title, journal name, place of publication, publisher's name, date of publication.
- Place of publication, publisher's name, article title, author of article, journal title, ISSN
- Date of publication, author of article, place of publication, publisher's names, journal title,
A: Author of article, date published, article title, journal title, volume number, issue number, page number

Q: True of false:  The inclusion of the ISSN is essential if one is to locate a specific journal article in the future.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: True or false:

The interface is what you actually see on your computer screen when you search for the data.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Fill in the blanks:

When a keyword search would return far too many results, a practical approach to limiting your results would include __________, _____________, _______________.
- Staging, controlled vocabularies, and advanced searches
- Searching DOI, accessing ILL, and talking to your professor
- Staging, searching DOI, and Google Book Project
- Searching e-book databases, DOI, and Google Books project
A: Staging, controlled vocabularies, and advanced searches

Q: Choose the best answer.

What is the primary searching tooling for dissertations?
- Google Scholar
- ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Database
- CiteSeerX Dissertations & Theses
- Academic Search Premier Dissertations & Theses Database
A: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Database

Q: Choose the best answer.

What is Google Scholar?
- It is a metadata base of current, relevant dissertations and theses found on the World Wide Web.
- It is a search engine devoted to books, journal articles, conference proceedings and academic websites found on the World Wide Web.
- It is an academic subset of the Google search engine found on the World Wide Web.
- It is a search engine for academic scientific information that offers open access on the World Wide Web.
A: It is a search engine devoted to books, journal articles, conference proceedings and academic websites found on the World Wide Web.

Q: True or False:

Addresses rarely change on the World Wide Web. Idaho State University's URL is a prime example of an address's stability. Therefore, you can feel confident, and be guaranteed that a source will be found years after your initial access.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Choose the most accurate answer.

You can find the following information in Google Scholar:
- Books, Journal articles, citations, conference proceedings, academic and government websites.
- Journal articles, digital full-text copies of books, government documents, nonprofit websites, and popular, informative websites.
- News articles, journal articles, government websites, citations, and academic websites.
- Journal articles, news articles, book reviews, citations, government documents, conference proceedings, and academic websites.
A: Books, Journal articles, citations, conference proceedings, academic and government websites.

Q: Choose the best answer.

What types of information can be found on Google Scholar?
- Journal articles, books, citations, conference proceedings, academic and government websites.
- News articles, digital images of photographs, books, citations, and government documents.
- Journal articles, full-text copies of digitized books, academic and government websites, news articles
- Journal articles, book reviews, news articles, government documents, conference proceedings, and popular, informational websites
A: Journal articles, books, citations, conference proceedings, academic and government websites.

Q: Choose the best answer.

What does hidden mean in the context of the Internet?
- It refers to any information carried on the World Wide Web that cannot easily be found by a web search engine.
- Any data concealed from researchers during their data collection on the World Wide Web.
- It refers to the location of any Internet hacker's node in relation to the World Wide Web.
- Any information concealed in a web search engine, and cannot be found without the assistance of a librarian.
A: It refers to any information carried on the World Wide Web that cannot easily be found by a web search engine.

Q: True or False:

Bibliographic mangers enable collection of citations in specific folders and generate bibliographies in most formats.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: According to Badke (2014), what is the key to genuine research?
- a balanced mix of primary and secondary source materials (incorrect)
- data as goal (incorrect)
- a good question (correct)
- relevant information
A: a good question

Q: Based on Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012) a literature review is placed after the introduction of a paper. Additionally, a literature review provides a brief overview of the relevant research, as well as applicable current research in that area of investigation, provides background information on the topic, and provides a solid formation for a topic.

Is this statement true of false?
- True
- False
A: True
Feedback: Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012)

Q: Badke (2014) identifies thee search commands associated with a Boolean Search. What are they?
- OR Command, INTERNET Command, INTERACTIVE Command
- OR Command, AND Command, NOT Command
- BUT Command, AND Command, OR Command
- INTERACTIVE Command, BUT Command, OR Command
A: OR Command, AND Command, NOT Command

Q: Why should we cite or document the work of others? Choose the best answer.
- To acknowledge the work of others who have influenced your work, to enable readers to retrieve the sources of information you have used, and to help readers place your contributions in context
- To enable readers to track your information sources, to impress your readers, and to show how well you have mastered your chosen citation style
- To help your readers place your contributions in context, to show how well you have mastered your chosen citation style, and to fulfill required word count requirements
- To establish your own credibility, to be academically honest, and to include the author's last name, plus a page number or year
A: To acknowledge the work of others who have influenced your work, to enable readers to retrieve the sources of information you have used, and to help readers place your contributions in context

Q: A good  application of the OR Command in a Boolean search is when using__________________.
- Hierarchies
- Synonyms
- Antonyms
- Clustering
A: Synonyms

Q: What is Metadata?
- Metadata refers to the vast array of information available from a Google search.
- Metadata refers to a single keyword search that finds all useful information about your topic.
- Metadata refers a user-friendly data retrieval system that differentiates texts, recognizes your search criteria, and returns the most pertinent information for your perusal.
- Metadata refers to a system of field terms that come along with the data, descriptive labels.
A: Metadata refers to a system of field terms that come along with the data, descriptive labels.
Feedback: Information for this quiz can be found in Badke, W. (2014). Research strategies: Finding your way through the information fog. 5th ed. Bloomington: Universe LLC, p. 71-93.

Q: What did the librarians at the Library of Congress develop to expedite retrieval of materials from their collection?
- Subject Headings
- Folksonomy
- Qualitative Data Search
- Keyword Search
A: Subject Headings

Q: According to Badke, in a search of the library catalog, when would you use a keyword search?
- When your topic is a reasonably standard one
- When your topic is not a standard one
- When your topic combines a couple of subject disciplines
- When you know the title of the book you need
- Both b. and c.
A: Both b. and c.

Q: Match each item with its descriptor.
- Popular magazines | The focus of these is to inform as well as entertain readers.
- Scholarly journals | These focus on providing information for academics and students with advanced reading levels and tend to have notes and bibliographies.
- Trade magazines | These focus on providing information for a specific field or set of professionals.
- ILL | This refers to the interlibrary loan services that deliver articles and books to researchers
Also offered: They are printed daily, and have the most current area information.; This refers to journal copyright services.

Q: What information is included in a journal article citation or reference (print version)?
- Author of article, date published, article title, journal title, volume number, issue number, page number
- Author of article, article title, journal name, place of publication, publisher's name, date of publication.
- Place of publication, publisher's name, article title, author of article, journal title, ISSN
- Date of publication, author of article, place of publication, publisher's names, journal title,
A: Author of article, date published, article title, journal title, volume number, issue number, page number

Q: What is the primary searching tool for dissertations?
- ProQuest Dissertations and & Theses Database
- CiteSeerX Dissertation & Theses Database
- Academic Search Premier Theses Database
- Google Scholar
A: ProQuest Dissertations and & Theses Database

Q: What is the primary searching tool for dissertations?
- ProQuest Dissertation & Theses Database
- Academic Search Premier Dissertation & Theses Database
- CiteSeerX Dissertation & Theses Database
- Google Scholar
A: ProQuest Dissertation & Theses Database

Q: Choose the best answer.

What is Google Scholar?
- It is a metadata base of current, relevant dissertations and theses.
- It is a search engine devoted to books, journal articles, conference proceedings, and academic websites found on the World Wide Web.
- It is an academic subset of the Google search engine found on the World Wide Web.
- It is a search engine for academic scientific information that is offers open access on the World Wide Web.
A: It is a search engine devoted to books, journal articles, conference proceedings, and academic websites found on the World Wide Web.

Q: True of False:

Addresses rarely change on the World Wide Web. Idaho State University's URL is a prime example of an address's stability. Therefore, you can feel confident, and be guaranteed of finding a source years after your initial access.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Choose the best answer:

What types of information can be found in Google Scholar?
- Journal articles, full-text digitized books, academic and government websites, and news articles
- Journal articles, books, citations, conference proceedings, academic and government websites
- News articles, journal articles, book reviews, government documents, conference proceedings, and popular, informational websites.
- News articles, digital images of photographs, books, citations and government documents
A: Journal articles, books, citations, conference proceedings, academic and government websites

Q: Choose the best answer:

What does hidden mean in the context of the Internet?
- It refers to any information carried on the World Wide Web that cannot be easily found through a web search engine.
- Any data concealed from researchers during their data collection on the World Wide Web.
- It refers to the location of any hacker's node in relation to the World Wide Web.
- Any information concealed in a web search engine, and cannot be found without the assistance of a librarian.
A: It refers to any information carried on the World Wide Web that cannot be easily found through a web search engine.

Q: True of False:

Bibliographic managers enable collection of citations in specific folders and generate bibliographies in most formats.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: What is the primary searching tool for dissertations?
- ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Database
- Academic Search Premier Dissertations & Theses Database
- CiteSeerX Dissertations & Theses Database
- Google Scholar
A: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Database

Q: According to William Badke, what is Google Scholar? Choose the best answer.
- It is a metadata base of current, relevant dissertations and theses.
- It is a search engine devoted to books, journal articles, conference proceedings, and academic websites found on the World Wide Web.
- It is an academic subset of the Google search engine found on the World Wide Web.
- It is a search engine for academic and scientific information that offers open access to information on the World Wide Web.
A: It is a search engine devoted to books, journal articles, conference proceedings, and academic websites found on the World Wide Web.

Q: Choose the best answer:

What types of information can commonly be found in Google Scholar?
- Journal articles, full-text digitized books, academic and government websites, and news articles
- Journal articles, books, citations, conference proceedings, academic and government websites
- News articles, journal articles, book reviews, government documents, conference proceedings, and popular, informational websites.
- News articles, digital images of photographs, books, citations and government documents
A: Journal articles, books, citations, conference proceedings, academic and government websites

Q: What does hidden mean in the context of the Internet? Choose the best answer:
- It refers to any information carried on the World Wide Web that cannot be easily found through a web search engine.
- Any data concealed from researchers during their data collection on the World Wide Web.
- It refers to the location of any hacker's node in relation to the World Wide Web.
- Any information concealed in a web search engine, and cannot be found without the assistance of a librarian.
A: It refers to any information carried on the World Wide Web that cannot be easily found through a web search engine.

Q: True or False:

Plagiarism is a minor intellectual crime, and carries no far reaching consequences for students in colleges and universities in the United States.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: True or False:

International students studying at colleges and universities in the United States are more likely to plagiarize someone's unique work than native English speakers.
- True
- False
A: False
Feedback: This is a false statement. In fact, native English speakers are just as likely to steal someone's work, and not give proper credit as anyone else (Badke, 2014, p. 212).

Q: True or False:

It is very difficult to spot a plagiarized work. With the vast array of Internet materials, the academic thief is easily lost in the mix.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: True or False:

The  lifting of another person's intellectual property and adding it to one's own manuscript without proper credit can if caught, result in a failing grade, disciplinary action by the educational institution, a black mark on one's academic record, and/or expulsion from the educational institution.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: True or False:

Badke (2014) suggests that paraphrasing is a bad idea because this method of note taking leaves students open to claims of plagiarism.
- True
- False
A: True
Feedback: p. 205

Q: True or False:

Summarizing important information is quicker that  quoting, and can force readers to think about the material.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: True or False:

Note taking is counter productive activity. Only the weakest students take notes during a lecture, and that is to win points with the professors. Most students never have to annotate or take notes during class lectures or on the data being researched for a class assignment.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: True or False:

It is easy, in this digital age and with so many electronic devices at our disposal, to copy, scan, and photograph information while researching a topic.  An added bonus is that one does not need to keep track of the author, title, place of publication, publisher, or date associated with the materials. Having a copy in one's possession is sufficient verification that that source exists.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: True or False:

Bakde (2014) recommends writing your research paper out of your head and adding a reference from time to time to add a bit of academic color.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: True or False:

Badke (2014) recommends taking notes from one book or article at a time, and taking all the pertinent notes before moving on to the next source.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: True or False:

It is a good idea to take as many notes as possible. In this way, you will be ready with just the right quote or summary to fit your research topic.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: True or False:

Badke (2014) suggests that plagiarism is a deception. It is the intentional or unintentional portraying of someone else's intellectual property as one's own.

The theft of intellectual property includes, but is not limited to, buying an essay or getting an essay from a friend, quoting directly from a book or article without acknowledging the source, borrowing from the Internet, inadequately paraphrasing an author, and passing oneself off as the creator of another's unique idea.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: Many institutions are turning to detection services, such as Turnitin, to ferret out plagiarized texts.
- True
- False
A: True
Feedback: p. 211

Q: True or False:

In some cultures, information is viewed as the property of the community, and not as much the property of an individual. Using the words of a great scholar is, therefore, the greatest compliment to that scholar.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: True or False:

It is very easy to get caught plagiarizing a text.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: True or False:

Regardless of the amount of time you have before a paper is due, it is important to get organized.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: True of False:

According to Badke (2014), the main parts of a book citation are as follows: author, title, place of publication, publisher, and date.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: True or False:

According to Badke (2014), the primary elements in a book chapter's citation is: author, title of chapter, title of book, book editor, place of publication, publisher, date, and page numbers.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: One of the purposes of a citation or reference is to document evidence so that others can, if they like, track it down themselves.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: In his book Research Strategies William Badke discusses "keyword searching with hierarchies".  According to Badke how are word hierarchies organized?  Why are they ordered in this way?
- Narrow categories at the top and broad categories at the bottom in order to help narrow the focus of your topic
- Broad categories at the top and narrow categories at the bottom, the broad categories help to define the meaning and boundaries of the narrow ones
- Well-known categories at the top and obscure categories at the bottom, the well-known categories help to lead you to the more obscure categories
A: Broad categories at the top and narrow categories at the bottom, the broad categories help to define the meaning and boundaries of the narrow ones

Q: Why is copyright important? Choose the best answer.
- It gives authors the ability to control the use of their work for a limited time (Yes, it gives authors the ability or right under the law to control the use of their work for a limited time.)
- It gives inventors the opportunity to manufacture their inventions first and to profit from their production. (No, it gives authors the ability or right under the law to control the use of their work for a limited time.)
- It protects the rights of a company to mark their products with a recognizable symbol or name. (No, it gives authors the ability or right under the law to control the use of their work for a limited time.)
- It limits the number of people that can obtain the information (No, it gives authors the ability or right under the law to control the use of their work for a limited time.)
A: It gives authors the ability to control the use of their work for a limited time

Q: Based on Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012) a literature review is placed after the introduction of a paper. Additionally, a literature review provides a brief overview of the relevant research, as well as applicable current research in that area of investigation, provides background information on the topic, and provides a solid formation for a topic.

True of false.
- True
- False
A: True
Feedback: Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012)

Q: According to Badke (2014), what is a database?
- A database is any collection of data that can be retrieved using organized search procedures.
- A database refers to the timeliness, as well as the universality of information housed in campus libraries.
- A database describes the scholarly observations, characteristics, and measurements recorded by university researchers.
- A database is the general name for a Universal Resource Locator.
A: A database is any collection of data that can be retrieved using organized search procedures.

Q: What is the difference between a citation and a bibliographic reference?
- A citation appears at the end of a paper/article and gives all the information needed to find the quoted source, while a bibliographic reference shows up in the writing and only provides the author's last name and the source's page number or year of publication.
- A citation refers you to web sites and government documents, while a bibliographic reference only points to book and article sources.
- Citations give brief information about a source of information in the body of writing and point the reader to a more complete list of source information, the bibliographic references, at the end of the body of writing.
- Citations are given to drivers who break the speed limit, and bibliographic references are another way of talking about dictionaries, encyclopedias, almanacs, handbooks, etc.
A: Citations give brief information about a source of information in the body of writing and point the reader to a more complete list of source information, the bibliographic references, at the end of the body of writing.

Q: Any database is only as useful as its retrieval capability.  True or False
- True (True, see 4.2 "Understanding metadata." Any database is only as useful as its retrieval capability. If you can't find what you need, then you have a data dump, not a database.)
- False (No, see 4.2 "Understanding metadata." Any database is only as useful as its retrieval capability. If you can't find what you need, then you have a data dump, not a database.)
A: True

Q: In Research Strategies William Badke writes: "You have a working knowledge of a topic when you can talk about it for one minute without repeating yourself" (28). Why does he say students should gain a working knowledge of their topic? (Select all that apply.)
- Because he is a librarian (Badke is a librarian, but this is not the correct answer. Instead, the answer is because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters.)
- Because it gives you enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory (Yes, this is part of the answer, because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters.)
- Because it gives you the basics of a topic. (Yes, this is part of the answer, because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters.)
- Because background information in Wikipedia is often amazingly reliable. (Badke does write this, but this is not the correct answer. Instead, the answer is because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters.)
- Because a working knowledge is enough to tell you what the topic entails, what its boundaries are, even what some of its controversies, mysteries and dangers might be. (Yes, this is part of the answer, because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters.)
A: Because it gives you enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory; Because it gives you the basics of a topic.; Because a working knowledge is enough to tell you what the topic entails, what its boundaries are, even what some of its controversies, mysteries and dangers might be.

Q: Complete the following statement with the answers below: William Badke says you can use Wikipedia...

Choose all that apply.
- with reasonable caution. (Yes, this part of the answer. He suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
- never. (No, he suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
- for background information. (Yes, this part of the answer. He suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
- to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles. (Yes, this part of the answer. He suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
- as a reference or citation in your works cited/reference lists. (No, he suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
- and compare what you read with other reference sources. (Yes, this part of the answer. He suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
- for your own development in a topic. (Yes, this part of the answer. He suggests you use Wikipedia with discernment, for background information, to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles, compare what you read with other reference sources, and for your own development in a topic.)
A: with reasonable caution.; for background information.; to plunder the bibliographies at the end of the articles.; and compare what you read with other reference sources.; for your own development in a topic.

Q: In his book, Research Strategies, Badke claims that the trouble with an open-ended question is:
- that it kills your focus or at least broadens it into something too big to deal with, because you are trying to answer too many questions. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text. The multi-part question is one that it kills your focus or at least broadens it into something too big to deal with, because you are trying to answer too many questions.)
- that professors will wonder what the purpose of your paper is. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text. The question is not there is one that professors will wonder what the purpose of your paper is. It will have data as the goal where the student regurgitates information the professor may already know.)
- that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. (Yes, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 38-39 in the text.)
- that it isn't clear enough to make it possible to answer. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text. The fuzzy question is one that it isn't clear enough to make it possible to answer.)
- that it tries to answer questions that the data simply will not answer. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text. The question that will not fly tries to answer questions that the data simply will not answer.)
A: that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers.

Q: According to Badke (2014), what is the key to genuine research?
- a balanced mix of primary and secondary source materials (incorrect. The key to genuine research is a good question that addresses a problem calling for analysis (Badke 2014, pp. 26-28))
- lots of data or facts you can explain to others (incorrect. The key to genuine research is a good question that addresses a problem calling for analysis (Badke 2014, pp. 26-28))
- a good question that addresses a problem calling for analysis (correct. The key to genuine research is a good question that addresses a problem calling for analysis (Badke 2014, pp. 26-28))
- relevant information for your research needs (Incorrect. The key to genuine research is a good question that addresses a problem calling for analysis (Badke 2014, pp. 26-28))
A: a good question that addresses a problem calling for analysis

Q: What is peer review?
- A system by which potential articles or manuscripts are read by other scholars in the field who make recommendations to publishers and the original authors.
- A business model that specializes in publishing information for or about a particular industry or technology.
- A group of reporters who work together to collect and share the news each day.
- A group of writers and editors who interview individuals and write longer stories that are published on a monthly or weekly basis often in a particular area of interest or niche.
A: A system by which potential articles or manuscripts are read by other scholars in the field who make recommendations to publishers and the original authors.
Feedback: Badke (2014). See 5.3.1.

Q: Based on Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012) a literature review is placed after the introduction of a paper. Additionally, a literature review provides a brief overview of the relevant research, as well as applicable current research in that area of investigation, provides background information on the topic, and provides a solid formation for a topic.

Is this statement true or false?
- True (Yes, a literature review is placed after the introduction of a paper. Additionally, a literature review provides a brief overview of the relevant research, as well as applicable current research in that area of investigation, provides background information on the topic, and provides a solid formation for a topic.)
- False (No, a literature review is placed after the introduction of a paper. Additionally, a literature review provides a brief overview of the relevant research, as well as applicable current research in that area of investigation, provides background information on the topic, and provides a solid formation for a topic.)
A: True
Feedback: Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012)

Q: A good  application of the OR Command in a Boolean search is to connect __________________.
- Words on different levels of the taxonomic hierarchy (No, the OR operator is recommended to connect antonyms and synonyms on the same level of a hierarchy, not different levels of a hierarchy. (boy or girl or child))
- Synonyms and antonyms (Yes, the OR operator is recommended to connect antonyms and synonyms on the same level of a hierarchy, not different levels of a hierarchy. (boy or girl or child))
- Different concepts
- Words you do not want
A: Synonyms and antonyms

Q: Badke (2014) identifies three search commands associated with a Boolean search. What are they?
- OR, INTERNET, INTERACTIVE
- OR, AND, NOT
- BUT, AND, OR
- INTERACTIVE, BUT, OR
A: OR, AND, NOT

Q: In our discussion on information literacy, we defined data and information differently. How is data different from information?
- Each discipline uses the same kind of data, while every discipline looks at different types of information.
- The types of data are different in each academic discipline, but types of information are the same in each discipline.
- Data is only gathered in controlled laboratory experiments, while information is gathered from articles, books, and websites.
- Data is gathered from articles, books, and websites, while information is collected from controlled laboratory experiments, surveys, opinion polls, case studies, and "texts."
A: The types of data are different in each academic discipline, but types of information are the same in each discipline.

Choose between one of the two options given below:

Option One: What are the five parts of information literacy or the five learning objectives for this course? Name all five parts.

Option Two: Which assignment or type of assignment was the most helpful in accomplishing the information-literacy objectives for this course? Why? Identify two or three learning objectives this assignment or assignment type addressed.

Q: Which of the following is almost not even a citation system, since it does not include the author's information, the date, or even the page number within the citation? Instead, it uses parenthetical or superscript numbers to refer to the bibliographic references at the end of the paper.
- Humanities Style
- Name or Name-Year (Harvard) System
- Citation Sequence or Citation Name System
A: Citation Sequence or Citation Name System

Enter a single Boolean search statement correctly, combining at least five out of the six kinds of operators, characters, or symbols: and, or, not, proximity operator, wildcard character, and truncation code. Enter this search statement on one line

Remember to include parentheses when it is appropriate to do so.
Feedback: Two points for each operator or code. Take off a half point if parentheses are not used correctly.

Q: Match the term with the correct definition.
- Primary source | A source that is directly associated with the producer and the time period in which it was created. May include experiment data, letters, journals, surveys, opinion polls, etc.
- Secondary source | Analyses and interpretations based on other sources. It is usually in the form of an article, a book, or a website.
- Catalog | A finding tool that identifies the whole-item source in a specific collection with records of books, journals, newspapers, maps, etc.
- Index | A finding tool that points to the parts: articles, chapters, poems, book reviews, etc.
- Discipline-specific database | An index of articles focused on a particular field of study that often gives access to the full text
- General article database | A collection of article records on many topics that often provides access to the full text
- Web site | A source of information accessible on the Internet which can be created by anyone who pays for access from an Internet Service Provider

Q: Why did Bill Badke refer to escapist fiction in his book Research Strategies? Choose the best answer.
- To illustrate that everyone occasionally needs to relax and read a fun book in order to get away from the stresses of daily life.
- To show that reading for research is different from reading a fun novel; reading for research often requires reading just the most important and relevant parts, while reading for fun invites you to devour or read every word.
- To prove that when we read escapist literature we should be ruthless; read what you need and abandon the rest, because it's your only hope.
- To explain that fiction is informative, timely, and prompts readers to consider pressing issues of personal concern.
A: To show that reading for research is different from reading a fun novel; reading for research often requires reading just the most important and relevant parts, while reading for fun invites you to devour or read every word.

Q: True or false:

Research requires  in-depth reading of articles and books on your topic. This type of close reading is done primarily to include you in the larger conversation going on between scholars in the field of discussion. Therefore, Badke's statement, "research is for gluttons" is correct.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: According to William Badke, what is Google Scholar? Choose the best answer.
- It is a database of current, relevant dissertations and theses.
- It is a search engine devoted to books, journal articles, conference proceedings, and academic websites found on the World Wide Web.
- It is a search engine for academic and scientific information that offers immediate access to free full-text information on the World Wide Web.
A: It is a search engine devoted to books, journal articles, conference proceedings, and academic websites found on the World Wide Web.

Q: What does hidden mean in the context of the Internet? Choose the best answer:
- It refers to any information carried on the World Wide Web that cannot be easily found through a web search engine.
- Any data concealed from researchers during their data collection on the World Wide Web.
- It refers to the location of any hacker's node in relation to the World Wide Web.
- Any information concealed in a web search engine that cannot be found without the assistance of a librarian.
A: It refers to any information carried on the World Wide Web that cannot be easily found through a web search engine.

Q: When conducting a keyword search and adding a different keyword to the search with the AND operator, will this generally increase or decrease your results?
- Connecting two different keywords with AND in an article database will return more results than a search with just one of those original keywords.
- Connecting two different keywords with AND in an article database will return fewer results than a search with just one of those original keywords.
- It depends.
A: Connecting two different keywords with AND in an article database will return fewer results than a search with just one of those original keywords.

Q: If synonyms are added to a search statement and grouped together within parentheses with OR connecting them, what will normally happen to the number of search results?
- It usually increases the number of results.
- It usually decreases the number of results.
- It depends.
A: It usually increases the number of results.

Q: What does a proximity operator tell the database to do?
- Find two keywords in records where they are close together.
- Find words with multiple endings in the database records.
- Replace one or zero letters of a word, so the database can find multiple spellings of that word.
- Find more results for you.
- Find fewer results for you.
A: Find two keywords in records where they are close together.

Q: What does a truncation code do?
- Find two keywords in records where they are close together.
- Find words with multiple endings in the database records.
- Replace one or zero letters of a word, so the database can find multiple spellings of a word.
- Find fewer results for you
A: Find words with multiple endings in the database records.

Q: What does a wildcard character do?
- Find two keywords in records where they are close together.
- Find words with multiple endings in database records.
- Replace one or zero letters of a word, so the database can find multiple spellings of a word.
- Reduce the number of results in your search by excluding a particular word.
A: Replace one or zero letters of a word, so the database can find multiple spellings of a word.

Q: Popular periodicals, like Newsweek magazine, usually contain many advertisements. What are two other characteristics of popular periodicals?
- Articles are fairly short, providing an overview; Articles follow a specific structure: abstract, literature review, methodology, conclusion, references. (No, the best answer is: articles are not reviewed by experts, but by staff members; articles No, the best answer is: articles are not reviewed by experts, but by staff members; articles are fairly short, providing an overview)
- Articles are not reviewed by experts, but by staff members; Language can be full of technical jargon or complex vocabulary. (No, the best answer is: articles are not reviewed by experts, but by staff members; articles are fairly short, providing an overview.)
- Articles are not reviewed by experts, but by staff members; Articles are fairly short, providing an overview. (Yes, articles are not reviewed by experts, but by staff members; articles are fairly short, providing an overview.)
- Language can be full of technical jargon or complex vocabulary; Articles follow a specific structure: abstract, literature review, methodology, conclusion, references. (No, the best answer is: articles are not reviewed by experts, but by staff members; articles are fairly short, providing an overview.)
A: Articles are not reviewed by experts, but by staff members; Articles are fairly short, providing an overview.

Q: When can original works be used or copied under the "fair use" doctrine?

- When specified royalties or legal conditions have been met.
- When used for nonprofit educational purposes.
- When only a small portion is being used that is not the heart of the work.
- When used in news reporting.
- When used in comments or criticism.
- When used in a parody or comic reprisal of a well-known work.
- All of the above may constitute fair use of an original work.
- When specified royalties or legal conditions have been met.
- When used in a parody or comic reprisal of a well-known work.
- When used in news reporting.
- When only a small portion is being used that is not the heart of the work.
- When used in comments or criticism.
- All of the above may constitute fair use of an original work.
A: All of the above may constitute fair use of an original work.

Q: Items, such as creative works, in the public domain can be...
- used only if the copyright owner gives you permission.
- freely copied, altered, or used in any way you want without permission or fees.
- used only if the copyright symbol is visible on the document.
- used for commercial purposes if you pay royalties or fees to the right people.
A: freely copied, altered, or used in any way you want without permission or fees.

Q: How do many academic libraries, including the Eli M. Oboler Library, organize their collections of books, videos, maps, musical scores, and other items on their shelves?
- Dewey Decimal System
- Library of Congress Classification System
- User-generated tags
- Accession: by the order they receive the items
- By size and color of the items
A: Library of Congress Classification System

Q: How does the open access movement work?
- Information that is no longer protected by law may be used by anyone and may be copied, changed, or used for profit.
- Libraries and other subscribers pay a company for access to their publications on a title-by-title basis; authors do not need to pay for their work to be published.
- Readers do not pay to access scholarly articles; however, the authors or their institutions may need to pay.
A: Readers do not pay to access scholarly articles; however, the authors or their institutions may need to pay.

Q: What is the information cycle, and how can understanding it be useful?
- The information cycle is the progression of media coverage of a newsworthy event, helps students better know what is available on their topics, and makes it easier to understand and evaluate sources of information.
- The information cycle helps us to know when information gets evaluated by others, allowing students to apply the CRAAP Test better.
- The information cycle refers to the way in which the news is shared on TV, the radio, and in newspapers; this helps us understand that news items often do not include all the facts.
- The information cycle refers to the recommended method of conducting research by gathering background information first before looking at information in books, journals, and websites; it can help students see the ups and downs of the research process.
A: The information cycle is the progression of media coverage of a newsworthy event, helps students better know what is available on their topics, and makes it easier to understand and evaluate sources of information.

Q: Using the A-Z Journal List search will help you find ______ in the results list.
- Scholarly, peer-reviewed article titles as well as non-scholarly article titles in newspapers and magazines
- Periodical titles, such as magazine, newspaper, and journal titles, with dates of coverage for which we have full-text access
- Book or monograph titles on a single scholarly subject
- Dissertation and thesis titles
A: Periodical titles, such as magazine, newspaper, and journal titles, with dates of coverage for which we have full-text access

Enter a single Boolean search statement correctly, combining at least four out of the six kinds of operators, characters, or symbols: and, or, not, proximity operator, wildcard character, and truncation code. Enter this search statement on one line.

Remember to include parentheses when it is appropriate to do so.
Feedback: Two points for each operator or code. Take off a half point if parentheses are not used correctly.

Q: When can original works be used or copied under the "fair use" doctrine?
- When specified royalties or legal conditions have been met.
- When used in a parody or comic reprisal of a well-known work.
- When used in news reporting.
- When only a small portion is being used that is not the heart of the work.
- When used in comments or criticism.
- All of the above may constitute fair use of an original work.
A: All of the above may constitute fair use of an original work.

Q: I will not talk about the test or the test questions with students in the second section.
- Yes, I will refrain from talking about the test or test questions with students in the second section.
- No, I will not talk about the test or the test questions with students in the second section.
A: Yes, I will refrain from talking about the test or test questions with students in the second section.

Q: How did the invention of writing change the pre-writing methods by which a society handled information?
- Knowledge could be preserved in print.
- Memorization became increasingly important.
- Keepers of knowledge were no longer viewed as tradition experts.
- People continued to feel a need to know everything about their societies and narrow world around them.
A: Knowledge could be preserved in print.

Q: What is a folksonomy?
- Folksonomy refers to a user-created method of labeling items so that you or anyone else in your circle of friends or colleagues can use these labels to find your items. (Yes, folksonomy refers to a user-created method of labeling items so that you or anyone else in your circle of friends or colleagues can use these labels to find your items. See section 4.4.)
- Folksonomy refers to user-friendly subheadings found in a data record. (No, folksonomy refers to a user-created method of labeling items so that you or anyone else in your circle of friends or colleagues can use these labels to find your items. See section 4.4.)
- Folksonomy refers to a standardized system of subject headings that describe books and articles. (No, folksonomy refers to a user-created method of labeling items so that you or anyone else in your circle of friends or colleagues can use these labels to find your items. See section 4.4.)
- Folksonomy refers to the data-mining of biographical and bibliographic information from a website. (No, folksonomy refers to a user-created method of labeling items so that you or anyone else in your circle of friends or colleagues can use these labels to find your items. See section 4.4.)
A: Folksonomy refers to a user-created method of labeling items so that you or anyone else in your circle of friends or colleagues can use these labels to find your items.

Q: What did the librarians at the Library of Congress develop to make sure that all books on a particular topic could be identified?
- Subject Headings (Yes, librarians at the Library of Congress developed subject headings to make sure that all books on a particular topic could be identified. See the last paragraph in 4.4 and section 4.5.)
- Folksonomy (No, librarians at the Library of Congress developed subject headings to make sure that all books on a particular topic could be identified. See the last paragraph in 4.4 and section 4.5.)
- Qualitative Data Search (No, librarians at the Library of Congress developed subject headings to make sure that all books on a particular topic could be identified. See the last paragraph in 4.4 and section 4.5.)
- Keyword Search (No, librarians at the Library of Congress developed subject headings to make sure that all books on a particular topic could be identified. See the last paragraph in 4.4 and section 4.5.)
A: Subject Headings

Q: Any database is only as useful as its retrieval capability.  True or False:
- True (True, see 4.2 "Understanding metadata." Any database is only as useful as its retrieval capability. If you can't find what you need, then you have a data dump, not a database.)
- False (No, see 4.2 "Understanding metadata." Any database is only as useful as its retrieval capability. If you can't find what you need, then you have a data dump, not a database.)
A: True

Q: For this question, you are to match terminology with its appropriate descriptor.
- Data record | a short description of the data
- Metadata | descriptive labels
- Subject Headings | preset terminology that explains what the data is actually about
- Data Dump | Information located in a database, that is difficult to retrieve
- Scope Note | is a definition of what is meant by a certain subject heading
- Keyword | is best used with narrow topics, is intended to find actual words in your data or data record, and is your best guess.
Also offered: a method of tagging items for easy retrieval by friends and associates

Q: A data "record" is an extensive description of materials found in a campus library.
- True (Incorrect. A data "record" is a short description of the data. Each record describes a book in the library holdings or an article in the databases. Typically, a record shows the title, author, subject headings, publication information, abstract/contents, etc. for books or articles.)
- False (Correct. A data "record" is a short description of the data. Each record describes a book in the library holdings or an article in the databases. Typically, a record shows the title, author, subject headings, publication information, abstract/contents, etc. for books or articles.)
A: False

Q: Why did Bill Badke refer to escapist fiction in his book Research Strategies? Choose the best answer.
- To illustrate that everyone occasionally needs to relax and read a fun book in order to get away from the stresses of daily life. (No, to show that reading for research is different from reading a fun novel; reading for research often requires reading just the most important and relevant parts, while reading for fun invites you to devour or read every word. See 8.1-8.2 (pp. 189-191).)
- To show that reading for research is different from reading a fun novel; reading for research often requires reading just the most important and relevant parts, while reading for fun invites you to devour or read every word. (Yes, to show that reading for research is different from reading a fun novel; reading for research often requires reading just the most important and relevant parts, while reading for fun invites you to devour or read every word. See 8.1-8.2 (pp. 189-191).)
- To prove that when we read escapist literature we should be ruthless; read what you need and abandon the rest, because it's your only hope. (No, to show that reading for research is different from reading a fun novel; reading for research often requires reading just the most important and relevant parts, while reading for fun invites you to devour or read every word. See 8.1-8.2 (pp. 189-191).)
- To explain that fiction is informative, timely, and prompts readers to consider pressing issues of personal concern. (No, to show that reading for research is different from reading a fun novel; reading for research often requires reading just the most important and relevant parts, while reading for fun invites you to devour or read every word. See 8.1-8.2 (pp. 189-191).)
A: To show that reading for research is different from reading a fun novel; reading for research often requires reading just the most important and relevant parts, while reading for fun invites you to devour or read every word.

Q: The first step in analyzing a book's usefulness for your research is to read the abstract.
- True (Incorrect. William Badke suggests that you first take a look at the title page, preface, foreword, and introduction. See 8.1.2 (pp. 191-193).)
- False (Correct. William Badke suggests that you first take a look at the title page, preface, foreword, and introduction. See 8.1.2 (pp. 191-193).)
A: False

Q: True or false:

Research requires  in-depth reading of articles and books on your topic. This type of close reading is done primarily to include you in the larger conversation going on between scholars in the field of discussion. Therefore, Badke's statement, "research is for gluttons" is correct.
- True (Incorrect. Badke's actually writes: "research is not for gluttons." He also writes: "Any book or article you read for research purposes must be used and left behind as quickly as possible, even though you can never take anything out of context. [...] Be ruthless. Read what you need and abandon the rest. It's your only hope" (Badke, 2014, pp. 189-190). See sections 8.1-8.1.2.)
- False (Correct. Badke's actually writes: "research is not for gluttons." He also writes: "Any book or article you read for research purposes must be used and left behind as quickly as possible, even though you can never take anything out of context. [...] Be ruthless. Read what you need and abandon the rest. It's your only hope"" (Badke, 2014, pp. 189-190).)
A: False

Q: Listed below are the 5 steps for analyzing a book's usefulness for your research project.

You are to match each step to its descriptor as described in William Badke's book, Research Strategies: Finding your Way through the Information Fog.

Each response is worth 0.40 of the 2 points available.
- Step 1 | Initially, review the title page, preface, foreword, and introduction.
- Step 2 | Carefully, read through the table of contents.
- Step 3 | Purposefully, review the index.
- Step 4 | Carefully, run-throurgh the book for an overview of the book's intent.
- Step 5 | Constantly, evaluate what you are reading, and ask probing questions.
Also offered: Thoroughly, read the abstract to get an overall understanding of the book's contents.; Quickly, read author's conclusion at the end of the book.
Feedback: See 8.1.2 (pp. 191-193).

Q: Listed below are the 4 steps for analyzing an article's usefulness for your research project.

You are to match each step to its descriptor as described in William Badke's book, Research Strategies: Finding your Way through the Information Fog.

Each response is worth 0.25 of the 1 points available.
- Step 1 | Locate the abstract in a text to determine the author's main points and conclusion.
- Step 2 | Identify key propositons in the text.
- Step 3 | Review the author's conclusions at the end of the text.
- Step 4 | Read the entire article.
Also offered: Analyze the glossary.; Review the index.
Feedback: See 8.1.2 (pp. 194-195).

Q: In William Badke's book, Research Strategies, he writes, "the best research questions are simple ones that still require a good deal of analysis to answer."
- True (Yes - "the best research questions are simple ones that still require a good deal of analysis to answer." See page 2.6.4 (p. 40) in the text.)
- False (No - "the best research questions are simple ones that still require a good deal of analysis to answer." See page 2.6.4 (p. 40) in the text.)
A: True

Q: Badke says, "A research question may be crucial to tracing the path you need to follow in order to reach that goal, but an outline is crucial to giving your search a goal."
- True (No - Badke says, "A research question may be crucial to giving your search a goal, but an outline is crucial to tracing the path you need to follow in order to reach that goal." See pages 2.7 or pages 42-43 in the text.)
- False (Yes - Badke says, "A research question may be crucial to giving your search a goal, but an outline is crucial to tracing the path you need to follow in order to reach that goal." See pages 2.7 or pages 42-43 in the text.)
A: False

Q: In the journal article databases, such as the EBSCO products, keyword searching can be joined or combined with controlled vocabulary or subject searching.
- True (Yes. In the journal article databases, such as the EBSCO products, keyword searching can be joined or combined with controlled vocabulary or subject searching.)
- False (Incorrect. In the journal article databases, such as the EBSCO products, keyword searching can be joined or combined with controlled vocabulary or subject searching. See 4.7 in Research Strategies.)
A: True

Q: William Badke writes: "Controlled vocabularies are a good solution to the problem of retrieval." He justifies this claim with the following example:
- Lack of metadata leads to tons of search results, but you have to do a large amount of sifting to find a match with what you were searching for. (This answer defines one of the retrieval problems, but it cannot be considered evidence or an example. See 4.4 & 4.5. The answer is "A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title.")
- The metadata comes in the form of a 'record,' that is, a short description of the data. (See 4.4 & 4.5. The answer is "A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title.")
- Computers are not intelligent creatures. They recognize letters and words, and they can find exactly what you type into the search box. They don't even know what your words mean. (See 4.4 & 4.5. The answer is "A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title.")
- A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title. (See 4.4 & 4.5. The answer is "A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title.")
A: A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title.

Q: What four things do you need if you are to take charge of your research, or as William Badke puts it "in order to turn your anxiety into a brilliant project, leading to an excellent project"?
- an intense desire to do a brilliant project, time to plan your research, to become a friend to structure, and lateral thinking (Correct. Answer found on p. 23 of Research Strategies (Badke, 2014). See 2.0.)
- lateral thinking, good data, a broad focus, and a working knowledge of topic (Incorrect. Answer found on p. 23 of Research Strategies (Badke, 2014). See 2.0.)
- quality data, plenty of time, a tried-and-true approach, and an interest in succeeding (Incorrect. Answer found on p. 23 of Research Strategies (Badke, 2014). See 2.0.)
- a focus on generalities, a banal research question, a familiar topic, and plenty of time (Incorrect. Answer found on p. 23 of Research Strategies (Badke, 2014). See 2.0.)
A: an intense desire to do a brilliant project, time to plan your research, to become a friend to structure, and lateral thinking

Q: A thesis statement is a proposed answer to a research question.
- True (Badke, W. (2014). Research Strategies: Finding your Way through the Information Fog. 5th ed. Bloomington: Universe LLC. (p. 250-263). See 2.6.3 or A1.1.8.)
- False (Badke, W. (2014). Research Strategies: Finding your Way through the Information Fog. 5th ed. Bloomington: Universe LLC. (p. 250-263). See 2.6.3 or A1.1.8.)
A: True
Feedback: Badke, W. (2014). Research Strategies: Finding your Way through the Information Fog. 5th ed. Bloomington: Universe LLC. (p. 250-263). See 2.6.3 or A1.1.8.

Q: In Research Strategies William Badke writes: "You have a working knowledge of a topic when you can talk about it for one minute without repeating yourself" (28). Why does he say students should gain a working knowledge of their topic? (Select all that apply.)
- Because he is a librarian (Badke is a librarian, but this is not the correct answer. Instead, the answer is because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters. See 2.5.1 in Research Strategies.)
- Because it gives you enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory (Yes, this is part of the answer, because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters. See 2.5.1 in Research Strategies.)
- Because it gives you the basics of a topic. (Yes, this is part of the answer, because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters. See 2.5.1 in Research Strategies.)
- Because background information in Wikipedia is often amazingly reliable. (Badke does write this, but this is not the correct answer. Instead, the answer is because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters. See 2.5.1 in Research Strategies.)
- Because a working knowledge is enough to tell you what the topic entails, what its boundaries are, even what some of its controversies, mysteries and dangers might be. (Yes, this is part of the answer, because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters. See 2.5.1 in Research Strategies.)
A: Because it gives you enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory; Because it gives you the basics of a topic.; Because a working knowledge is enough to tell you what the topic entails, what its boundaries are, even what some of its controversies, mysteries and dangers might be.

Q: Known-item searching is when I already know what type of search and keywords I want to use.
- True (Incorrect. Known-item searching is when you know the source you are wanting to locate, and you generally search for it by author or title. See Known-item vs Concept Searching and Vocabulary Terms handout.)
- False (Correct. Known-item searching is when you know the source you are wanting to locate, and you generally search for it by author or title. See Known-item vs Concept Searching and Vocabulary Terms handout.)
A: False
Feedback: Known-item searching is when you know the source you are wanting to locate, and you generally search for it by author or title.

Q: According to Badke (2014), what is the key to genuine research?
- a balanced mix of primary and secondary source materials (incorrect. The key to genuine research is a good question that addresses a problem calling for analysis (Badke 2014, pp. 26-28). See 2.3 in Research Strategies.)
- lots of data or facts you can explain to others (incorrect. The key to genuine research is a good question that addresses a problem calling for analysis (Badke 2014, pp. 26-28). See 2.3 in Research Strategies.)
- a good question that addresses a problem calling for analysis (correct. The key to genuine research is a good question that addresses a problem calling for analysis (Badke 2014, pp. 26-28). See 2.3 in Research Strategies.)
- relevant information for your research needs (Incorrect. The key to genuine research is a good question that addresses a problem calling for analysis (Badke 2014, pp. 26-28). See 2.3 in Research Strategies.)
A: a good question that addresses a problem calling for analysis

Q: Based on Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012) a literature review is placed after the introduction of a paper. Additionally, a literature review provides a brief overview of the relevant research, as well as applicable current research in that area of investigation, provides background information on the topic, and provides a solid foundation for the topic.

Is this statement true or false?
- True (Yes, a literature review is placed after the introduction of a paper. Additionally, a literature review provides a brief overview of the relevant research, as well as applicable current research in that area of investigation, provides background information on the topic, and provides a solid formation for a topic. See page 112.)
- False (No, a literature review is placed after the introduction of a paper. Additionally, a literature review provides a brief overview of the relevant research, as well as applicable current research in that area of investigation, provides background information on the topic, and provides a solid formation for a topic. See page 112.)
A: True
Feedback: Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012)

Q: A good  application of the OR Command in a Boolean search is to connect __________________.
- Words on different levels of the taxonomic hierarchy (No, the OR operator is recommended to connect antonyms and synonyms on the same level of a hierarchy, not different levels of a hierarchy. (boy or girl or child). See 3.2.2 in Research Strategies.)
- Synonyms and antonyms (Yes, the OR operator is recommended to connect antonyms and synonyms on the same level of a hierarchy, not different levels of a hierarchy. (boy or girl or child). See 3.2.2 in Research Strategies.)
- Different concepts (No, the OR operator is recommended to connect antonyms and synonyms on the same level of a hierarchy, not different levels of a hierarchy. (boy or girl or child). See 3.2.2 in Research Strategies.)
- Words you do not want (No, the OR operator is recommended to connect antonyms and synonyms on the same level of a hierarchy, not different levels of a hierarchy. (boy or girl or child). See 3.2.2 in Research Strategies.)
A: Synonyms and antonyms

Q: Badke (2014) identifies three search commands associated with a Boolean search. What are they?
- OR, INTERNET, INTERACTIVE (No, these operators are: OR, AND, NOT. See 3.2.2 in Research Strategies.)
- OR, AND, NOT (Yes, these operators are: OR, AND, NOT. See 3.2.2 in Research Strategies.)
- BUT, AND, OR (No, these operators are: OR, AND, NOT. See 3.2.2 in Research Strategies.)
- INTERACTIVE, BUT, OR (No, these operators are: OR, AND, NOT. See 3.2.2 in Research Strategies.)
A: OR, AND, NOT

Q: Why should we cite or document the work of others? Choose the best answer.
- To acknowledge the work of others who have influenced your work, to enable readers to retrieve the sources of information you have used, and to help readers place your contributions in context (Yes, document the work of others to acknowledge the work of others who have influenced your work, to enable readers to retrieve the sources of information you have used, and to help readers place your contributions in context.)
- To enable readers to track your information sources, to impress your readers, and to show how well you have mastered your chosen citation style (Incorrect. Document the work of others to acknowledge the work of others who have influenced your work, to enable readers to retrieve the sources of information you have used, and to help readers place your contributions in context.)
- To establish your own credibility, to be academically honest, and to include the author's last name, plus a page number or year (Incorrect. Document the work of others to acknowledge the work of others who have influenced your work, to enable readers to retrieve the sources of information you have used, and to help readers place your contributions in context.)
A: To acknowledge the work of others who have influenced your work, to enable readers to retrieve the sources of information you have used, and to help readers place your contributions in context

What are the five parts of information literacy or the five learning objectives for this course? Name all five parts.

Q: Match the term with the correct definition.
- Information | A truth that both the sender and receiver know to be true.
- Library of Congress Classification System | A way of organizing items by subject with call numbers that makes it easy for researchers to browse for books and other materials.
- Peer review process | Articles are sent to specialists who critically analyze the information, methods, and conclusions before making recommendations to the publisher.
- Field | A specific part of a record with each part containing information not found in the other parts.
- Hybrid tool | Includes facts and finding aids that point to other sources of information. Examples are encyclopedias, handbooks, textbooks, etc.
- Book | A print publication with its own title and that is fifty pages or longer.
- Information cycle | Refers to the amount of time it takes to publish details about events in different formats or venues.
- Abstract | A short summary of an article.

Enter a single Boolean search statement correctly, combining at least five out of the six kinds of operators, characters, or symbols: and, or, not, proximity operator, wildcard character, and truncation code. Enter this search statement on one line.

Remember to include parentheses when it is appropriate to do so.
Feedback: Two points for each operator or code. Take off a half point if parentheses are not used correctly.

Q: Which of the following statements is true about the World Wide Web, according to William Badke in his book Research Strategies?
- Anything that is worth anything can be freely accessed without a price on it.
- You can trust absolutely anyone or any piece of information on the World Wide Web.
- It is the number one vehicle for all information research, whether through a search engine or a specialized subscription.
- Everything on the World Wide Web can be found easily with a search engine, like Google.
A: It is the number one vehicle for all information research, whether through a search engine or a specialized subscription.

Q: According to William Badke, what is Google Scholar? Choose the best answer.
- It is a database of current and relevant dissertations and theses.
- It is a search engine devoted to books, journal articles, conference proceedings, and academic websites found on the World Wide Web.
- It is a search engine for academic and scientific information that offers immediate and easy access to free full-text information on the World Wide Web.
A: It is a search engine devoted to books, journal articles, conference proceedings, and academic websites found on the World Wide Web.

Q: True of False:

Addresses or URLs rarely change on the World Wide Web. Idaho State University's URL is a prime example of an address's stability. Therefore, you can feel confident and be guaranteed of finding a web source years after your initial access.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: What does hidden mean in the context of the Internet? Choose the best answer:
- It refers to any information carried on the World Wide Web that cannot be easily found through a web search engine. (See 6.6 in Research Strategies. (pp. 155-156))
- Any data concealed from researchers during their data collection on the World Wide Web. (See 6.6 in Research Strategies. (pp. 155-156))
- It refers to the location of any hacker's node in relation to the World Wide Web. (See 6.6 in Research Strategies. (pp. 155-156))
- Any information concealed in a web search engine that cannot be found without the assistance of a librarian. (See 6.6 in Research Strategies. (pp. 155-156))
A: It refers to any information carried on the World Wide Web that cannot be easily found through a web search engine.

Q: Which of the following statements are true in relation to government documents according to the William Badke book Research Strategies?
- They are often freely available on the Internet.
- They can be purchased.
- They can be found in libraries.
- The vast majority of them are only available to those in high levels of the government.
- They are notoriously difficult to find.
A: They are often freely available on the Internet.; They can be purchased.; They can be found in libraries.; They are notoriously difficult to find.

Q: What four things do you need if you are to take charge of your research, or as William Badke puts it "in order to turn your anxiety into a brilliant project, leading to an excellent project"?
- an intense desire to do a brilliant project, time to plan your research, to become a friend to structure, and lateral thinking (Correct. Answer found on p. 23 of Research Strategies (Badke, 2014). See 2.0.)
- lateral thinking, good data, a broad focus, and a working knowledge of the topic (Incorrect. Answer found on p. 23 of Research Strategies (Badke, 2014). See 2.0.)
- quality data, plenty of time, a tried-and-true approach, and a mediocre interest in succeeding (Incorrect. Answer found on p. 23 of Research Strategies (Badke, 2014). See 2.0.)
- a focus on generalities, a banal research question, a familiar topic, and plenty of time (Incorrect. Answer found on p. 23 of Research Strategies (Badke, 2014). See 2.0.)
A: an intense desire to do a brilliant project, time to plan your research, to become a friend to structure, and lateral thinking

Q: How do non-literate societies handle information?
- They have little or no use for knowledge and information. (No, qualified persons pass information orally to other members of the society or culture.)
- Qualified persons pass information orally to other members of the society or culture. (Yes, qualified persons pass information orally to other members of the society or culture. In this society "unregulated production of new information is not encouraged" (Badke, 2014, pp. 3-5))
- They use gatekeepers to keep the books who work against the forces of discovery. (No, qualified persons pass information orally to other members of the society or culture.)
- Pre-literate societies accept any and all information at face value. (No, qualified persons pass information orally to other members of the society or culture.)
A: Qualified persons pass information orally to other members of the society or culture.

Q: A good  application of the OR Command in a Boolean search is to connect __________________.
- Words on different levels of the taxonomic hierarchy (No, the OR operator is recommended to connect antonyms and synonyms on the same level of a hierarchy, not different levels of a hierarchy. (boy or girl or child). See 3.2.2 in Research Strategies.)
- Synonyms (Yes, the OR operator is recommended to connect antonyms and synonyms on the same level of a hierarchy, not different levels of a hierarchy. (boy or girl or child). See 3.2.2 in Research Strategies.)
- Different concepts (No, the OR operator is recommended to connect antonyms and synonyms on the same level of a hierarchy, not different levels of a hierarchy. (boy or girl or child). See 3.2.2 in Research Strategies.)
- Words you do not want (No, the OR operator is recommended to connect antonyms and synonyms on the same level of a hierarchy, not different levels of a hierarchy. (boy or girl or child). See 3.2.2 in Research Strategies.)
A: Synonyms

Q: Did you complete the course evaluation?
- Yes.
- No.
A: Yes.

Q: True or False:

The traditional model of scholarly publishing involves paying for access to scholarly articles through yearly subscriptions. In recent years price increases have made it more and more difficult for libraries and individuals to afford these journal subscriptions.
- True (Yes, journal prices have increased on average about 9% a year. Average inflation usually sits around 3%.)
- False (No, journal prices have increased on average about 9% a year. Average inflation usually sits around 3%.)
A: True

Q: William Badke suggests that you try to use as many keywords as possible to give you the best chance of finding relevant results in a journal database search.
- True (Incorrect, Badke says: "Use as few words as you need to define your topic, no more.")
- False (Correct, Badke says: "Use as few words as you need to define your topic, no more.")
A: False

Q: In his book Research Strategies William Badke writes that students' first choice for an academic search engine should be:
- Journal databases through the college library
- Google Scholar
- Microsoft Academic Search
- Base
- The Directory of Open Access Journals or DOAJ
- Dogpile
A: Journal databases through the college library

Q: Why is copyright important? Choose the best answer.
- It gives authors the ability to control the use of their work for a limited time. (Yes, it gives authors the ability or right under the law to control the use of their work for a limited time.)
- It gives inventors the opportunity to manufacture their inventions first and to profit from their production. (No, it gives authors the ability or right under the law to control the use of their work for a limited time.)
- It protects the rights of a company to mark their products with a recognizable symbol or name. (No, it gives authors the ability or right under the law to control the use of their work for a limited time.)
- It limits the number of people that can obtain the information. (No, it gives authors the ability or right under the law to control the use of their work for a limited time.)
A: It gives authors the ability to control the use of their work for a limited time.

Q: When doing research William Badke says you should start to build your outline. . .
- after writing your research paper.
- just before writing a rough draft.
- at the beginning before you even search for sources.
- after you have found your sources of information.
A: at the beginning before you even search for sources.

Choose between one of the two options given below:
- Option One: What are the five parts of information literacy or the five learning objectives for this course? Name all five parts.
- Option Two: Which assignment or type of assignment was the most helpful in accomplishing the information-literacy objectives for this course? Why? Identify two or three learning objectives this assignment or assignment type addressed.

Q: Which of the following is almost not even a citation system, since it does not include the author's information, the date, or even the page number within the in-text citation? Instead, it uses parenthetical or superscript numbers to refer to the bibliographic references at the end of the paper.
- Humanities Style
- Name or Name-Year (Harvard) System
- Citation Sequence or Citation Name System
A: Citation Sequence or Citation Name System

Q: What is the theory behind documentation styles? In other words, why are there different ways to document and cite sources?
- To lead others to your sources, so they can learn even more about the topic (No, documentation styles reflect the needs of the different academic disciplines, the nature of academic information, and the conventions, rules, standards, or practices of scholarship)
- Documentation styles reflect the needs of the different academic disciplines, the nature of academic information, and the conventions, rules, standards, or practices of scholarship (Yes, documentation styles reflect the needs of the different academic disciplines, the nature of academic information, and the conventions, rules, standards, or practices of scholarship)
- Documenting sources of information gives credit where credit is due and promotes academic honesty (No, documentation styles reflect the needs of the different academic disciplines, the nature of academic information, and the conventions, rules, standards, or practices of scholarship)
- Some people decided to format references and citations according to their own personal preferences and others liked how they did it (No, documentation styles reflect the needs of the different academic disciplines, the nature of academic information, and the conventions, rules, standards, or practices of scholarship)
A: Documentation styles reflect the needs of the different academic disciplines, the nature of academic information, and the conventions, rules, standards, or practices of scholarship

Q: According to William Badke, what is Google Scholar? Choose the best answer.
- It is a database of current, relevant dissertations and theses.
- It is a search engine devoted to scholarly literature such as books, journal articles, conference proceedings, and academic websites found on the World Wide Web.
- It is a search engine for academic and scientific information that always offers immediate and easy access to free full-text articles and information on the World Wide Web.
A: It is a search engine devoted to scholarly literature such as books, journal articles, conference proceedings, and academic websites found on the World Wide Web.

Q: What does hidden mean in the context of the Internet? Choose the best answer:
- It refers to any information carried on the World Wide Web that cannot be easily found with a web search engine. (See 6.6 in Research Strategies. (pp. 155-156))
- Any data concealed from researchers during their data collection on the World Wide Web. (See 6.6 in Research Strategies. (pp. 155-156))
- It refers to the location of any hacker's node in relation to the World Wide Web. (See 6.6 in Research Strategies. (pp. 155-156))
- Any information concealed on the Internet that cannot be found without the assistance of a librarian. (See 6.6 in Research Strategies. (pp. 155-156))
A: It refers to any information carried on the World Wide Web that cannot be easily found with a web search engine.

Q: True or False:

Anyone can purchase a .org domain. The information that is found on these web sites is likely biased and not necessarily for profit.
- True
- False
A: True
Feedback: See the Internet Domains handout or webpage.

Q: True or False:

The digital object identifier (DOI) is a barcode-like number on an article that helps find the electronic version of the article.
- True (Yes, using http://www.crossref.org anyone can enter a DOI and find the electronic version of the article, usually on the publisher's website.)
- False (Incorrect, using http://www.crossref.org anyone can enter a DOI and find the electronic version of the article, usually on the publisher's website.)
A: True

Q: True or False:

The .info Internet domain is for government web sites; the content is likely pro-government and generally contains accurate information.
- True (No this is not correct .info stands for Information. Information This is an unrestricted domain. It can be used for any purpose by anyone.)
- False (Correct. This is an unrestricted domain. It can be used for any purpose by anyone; .info stands for Information.)
A: False

Q: Which of the following is a correct definition of copyright?
- Copyright allows consumers to make copies of books, movies, articles, magazines, and other products for financial gain.
- Copyright protects inventors, so they can make money from the things they have invented for a certain amount of time.
- Copyright is grounded in the U.S. Constitution and protects the recording of ideas in some form that is fixed and or tangible.
- Copyright privileges let you lend, sell, and dispose of items you buy.
A: Copyright is grounded in the U.S. Constitution and protects the recording of ideas in some form that is fixed and or tangible.

Q: What is the information cycle, and how can understanding it be useful?
- The information cycle is the progression of media coverage of a newsworthy event, helps students better know what kind of information is available on their topics, and makes it easier to understand and evaluate sources of information.
- The information cycle helps us to know when information gets evaluated by others, allowing students to apply the CRAAP Test better.
- The information cycle refers to the way in which the news is shared on TV, the radio, and in newspapers; this helps us understand that news items often do not include all the facts.
- The information cycle refers to the amount of time that must go by before an author's work can be used freely by the public for commercial, public, or private use. If we follow these guidelines we may avoid court cases and imposed fines.
A: The information cycle is the progression of media coverage of a newsworthy event, helps students better know what kind of information is available on their topics, and makes it easier to understand and evaluate sources of information.

Q: When you have a reference or information about an article, which of the following search tools may help you locate the full-text article?
- A-Z Journal List
- OneSearch
- Library catalog
- Google Scholar
A: A-Z Journal List; OneSearch; Google Scholar

Q: I will not talk, text, or share information about the test, the test questions, or answers with other students until after finals week.
- Yes, I will not talk about the test or test questions with students in other sections.
- No, I will talk about the test or the test questions with students in the second section.
A: Yes, I will not talk about the test or test questions with students in other sections.

Q: What is the final project for this class?
- A ten-page research paper (Nope, you can breathe a sigh of relief.)
- There is no final project, just a final exam (Incorrect. Correct answer: Annotated bibliography and a short online presentation)
- An annotated bibliography (Yes, this is correct.)
A: An annotated bibliography

Q: When it comes to how you turn assignments in, I prefer:
- As a Word document via the Moodle Assignment tool or drop box.
- In the 'Online Text' section of the assignment tool. (I may do this, but I almost always have you turn in a Microsoft Word document.)
- To my teaching assistant (No, my teaching assignment and I go into Moodle and download all the Word documents in one batch. If it is in Moodle, we will not lose your assignment.)
- By emailing an attachment to me directly (Do it this way only if you want it to get lost! Please turn in your assignments via Moodle.)
A: As a Word document via the Moodle Assignment tool or drop box.

Q: In William Badke's book, Research Strategies, he says the best research questions are simple ones that still require a good deal of analysis to answer.
- True (Yes - "the best research questions are simple ones that still require a good deal of analysis to answer." See page 2.6.4 (p. 40) in the text.)
- False (No - "the best research questions are simple ones that still require a good deal of analysis to answer." See page 2.6.4 (p. 40) in the text.)
A: True

Q: True or False:

The two parts of documentation include the citations, or in-text citations, and the references or bibliography with the full information about a source.
- True (Yes, the two parts of documentation include the citations, or in-text citations, and the references or bibliography with the full information about a source.)
- False (No, the two parts of documentation include the citations, or in-text citations, and the references or bibliography with the full information about a source.)
A: True

Q: William Badke suggests that you try to use as many keywords as possible to give you the best chance of finding relevant results in a journal database search.
- True (Incorrect, Badke says: "Use as few words as you need to define your topic, no more." See 3.2.2.)
- False (Correct, Badke says: "Use as few words as you need to define your topic, no more." See 3.2.2.)
A: False

Q: William Badke writes: "Controlled vocabularies are a good solution to the problem of retrieval." How does he explain or justify this statement?
- Lack of metadata leads to tons of search results, but you have to do a large amount of sifting to find a match with what you were searching for. (This answer defines one of the retrieval problems, but it cannot be considered evidence or an example. See 4.4 & 4.5. The answer is "A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title.")
- The metadata comes in the form of a 'record,' that is, a short description of the data. (See 4.4 & 4.5. The answer is "A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title.")
- Computers are not intelligent creatures. They recognize letters and words, and they can find exactly what you type into the search box. They don't even know what your words mean. (See 4.4 & 4.5. The answer is "A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title.")
- A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title. (See 4.4 & 4.5. The answer is "A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title.")
A: A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title.

Q: A research project has the following structure:

1. begins with a question

2. collects data

3. synthesizes data, and puts it together in a coherent form

4. analyzes data

5. presents conclusions and recommendations
- True (See Badke, section 2.4 "A model for research")
- False (See Badke, section 2.4 "A model for research")
A: True
Feedback: See Badke, section 2.4 "A model for research"

Q: According to William Badke, the more your project forms a clear, narrow and single-minded image in your head, the better off you are.
- True (Yes, William Badke emphasizes the word "focus," saying that a single-minded image of what you are trying to accomplish will you help you out a lot. Research questions written well can help provide this focus. See pages 252-253.)
- False (The answer is "True." According to William Badke, the more your project forms a clear, narrow and single-minded image in your head, the better off you are. See pages 252-253. William Badke emphasizes the word "focus," saying that a single-minded image of what you are trying to accomplish will you help you out a lot. Research questions written well can help provide this focus.)
A: True
Feedback: Badke, W. (2014). Research Strategies: Finding your Way through the Information Fog. 5th ed. Bloomington: Universe LLC. (p. 250-263)

Q: Citing references correctly is highly esteemed in our academic culture. What is "highly unethical, illegal, and can lead to being reprehended, fired, or sued" (Solomon, Wilson, & Taylor, 2012)?
- Plagiarism
- Hypothesis
- Quantitative data
- Qualitative data
A: Plagiarism
Feedback: Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012)

Q: In performing research, one must consider the delivery method: digital or print, resources--scholarly journals, trade publications, popular magazines, web sites and databases--as well as the authors and the timeliness of the articles.  According to Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012), what other three things are to be considered when evaluating multimedia resources?
- Functionality, useability, accessibility
- Readability, vulnerability, accessibility
- Validity, usability, reliability
- Accessibility, Readability, Usability
A: Functionality, useability, accessibility
Feedback: Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012)

Q: In Research Strategies William Badke writes: "You have a working knowledge of a topic when you can talk about it for one minute without repeating yourself" (28). Why does he say students should gain a working knowledge of their topic? (Select all that apply.)
- Because he is a librarian (Badke is a librarian, but this is not the correct answer. Instead, the answer is because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters. See 2.5.1 in Research Strategies.)
- Because it gives you enough light so you will not get hurt in more complicated territory (Yes, this is part of the answer, because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters. See 2.5.1 in Research Strategies.)
- Because it gives you the basics of a topic. (Yes, this is part of the answer, because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters. See 2.5.1 in Research Strategies.)
- Because background information in Wikipedia is often amazingly reliable. (Badke does write this, but this is not the correct answer. Instead, the answer is because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters. See 2.5.1 in Research Strategies.)
- Because a working knowledge is enough to tell you what the topic entails, what its boundaries are, even what some of its controversies, mysteries and dangers might be. (Yes, this is part of the answer, because it gives you the basics of a topic and enough light so you won't get hurt in more complicated territory. If you do not get a working knowledge he warns that you will find yourself sinking the moment you reach deeper waters. See 2.5.1 in Research Strategies.)
A: Because it gives you enough light so you will not get hurt in more complicated territory; Because it gives you the basics of a topic.; Because a working knowledge is enough to tell you what the topic entails, what its boundaries are, even what some of its controversies, mysteries and dangers might be.

Q: Known-item searching is when I already know the keywords I want to use to find information about my topic.
- True (Incorrect. Known-item searching is when you know the source (book or article) you are wanting to locate, and you generally search for it by author or title. See Known-item vs Concept Searching and Vocabulary Terms handout.)
- False (Correct. Known-item searching is when you know the source (book or article) you are wanting to locate, and you generally search for it by author or title. See Known-item vs Concept Searching and Vocabulary Terms handout.)
A: False
Feedback: Known-item searching is when you know the source you are wanting to locate, and you generally search for it by author or title.

Q: According to class lectures, which of the following types of searches will increase your precision, or yield a higher percentage of relevant results?
- Controlled vocabulary search
- Assigned subject search
- Keyword Boolean search
- An Internet search
- Both a. and b.
A: Both a. and b.

Choose between one of the two options given below:
- Option One: What are the five parts/standards of information literacy or the five learning objectives for this course? Name all five parts.
- Option Two: Which assignment or type of assignment has been the most helpful in accomplishing the information-literacy objectives for this course? Why? Identify two or three learning objectives this assignment or assignment type addressed.

Q: According to the "Evaluating Information: Applying the CRAAP Test," in which category should the following question be placed:
- Can you verify any of the information in another source or from your own personal knowledge?
- Currency
- Relevance
- Authority
- Accuracy
- Purpose
A: Accuracy

Q: Match the term with the correct definition.
- Information | A truth that both the sender and receiver know to be true.
- Library of Congress Classification System | A way of organizing items by subject with call numbers that makes it easy for researchers to browse for books and other materials.
- Peer review process | Articles are sent to specialists who critically analyze the information, methods, and conclusions before making recommendations to the publisher.
- Field | A specific part of a record with each part containing information not found in the other parts.
- Hybrid tool | Includes facts and finding aids that point to other sources of information. Examples are encyclopedias, handbooks, textbooks, etc.
- Book | A print publication with its own title and that is fifty pages or longer.
- Information cycle or publication timeline | Refers to the amount of time it takes to publish details about events in different formats or venues.
- Abstract | A short summary of an article.

Q: Which of the following statements is true about the World Wide Web, according to William Badke in his book Research Strategies?
- Anything that is worth anything can be freely accessed without a price on it.
- You can trust absolutely anyone or any piece of information on the World Wide Web. (Incorrect. The correct answer: It is the number one vehicle for all information research, whether through a search engine or a specialized subscription.)
- It is the number one vehicle for all information research, whether through a search engine or a specialized subscription. (Yes, it is the number one vehicle for all information research, whether through a search engine or a specialized subscription.)
- Everything on the World Wide Web can be found easily with a search engine, like Google.
A: It is the number one vehicle for all information research, whether through a search engine or a specialized subscription.

Q: True or False:

The .info Internet domain is for government web sites; the content is likely pro-government and generally contains accurate information.
- True (No this is not correct .info stands for Information. Information. This is an unrestricted domain. It can be used for any purpose by anyone.)
- False (Correct. This is an unrestricted domain. It can be used for any purpose by anyone; .info stands for Information.)
A: False

Q: What does a proximity operator tell the database to do? Select the best answer that is always true.
- Find two keywords in records where they are close together.
- Find words with multiple endings in the database records.
- Replace one or zero letters of a word, so the database can find multiple spellings of that word.
- Find more results for you.
- Find fewer results for you.
A: Find two keywords in records where they are close together.

Q: When you have a reference or information about an article, which of the following search tools may help you locate the full-text article?
- A-Z Journal List
- OneSearch
- Library catalog
- Google Scholar
A: A-Z Journal List; OneSearch; Library catalog; Google Scholar

Q: I will not talk, text, or share information about the test, the test questions, or answers with other students until after finals week.
- True, I will not talk about the test or test questions with students in other sections.
- False, I will talk about the test or the test questions with students in the second section.
A: True, I will not talk about the test or test questions with students in other sections.

Q: According to Badke, what was one of the results of the printing press?
- Qualified persons passed information orally to other members of society. (No, more people could actually get their hands on information or the knowledge base.)
- The keepers of knowledge (the librarians with the books) became more elite. (No, more people could actually get their hands on information or the knowledge base.)
- Anyone could publish anything without impediment or difficult obstacles. (No, more people could actually get their hands on information or the knowledge base.)
- More people could actually get their hands on information or the knowledge base. (Yes, more people could actually get their hands on information or the knowledge base. See section 1.3)
A: More people could actually get their hands on information or the knowledge base.
Feedback: See section 1.3.

Q: What is peer review a process of?
- Elitism (No, see 1.5.2.)
- Gatekeeping (Yes, see 1.5.2.)
- Discovery (No, see 1.5.2.)
- Snobbery (No, see 1.5.2.)
A: Gatekeeping

Q: What is a scholarly journal?
- A report, pamphlet, set of articles, or book published by a government agency
- Something published by universities, academic societies, and and publishers devoted to producing academic work.
- A publication of 50 or more pages that generally treats one topic in depth.
- A part of the World Wide Web that is interactive.
A: Something published by universities, academic societies, and and publishers devoted to producing academic work.

Q: What is Web 2.0?
- A part of the World Wide Web that is interactive, where readers can respond to articles, for example.
- A publication of 50 or more pages that generally treats one topic in depth.
- Something published by universities, academic societies, and and publishers devoted to producing academic work.
- A report, pamphlet, set of articles, or book published by a government agency.
A: A part of the World Wide Web that is interactive, where readers can respond to articles, for example.

Q: Gatekeeping is a good thing when it . . .
- helps to preserve quality.
- censors valuable information.
- maintains the status quo.
- keeps radical ideas away from people.
A: helps to preserve quality.

Q: On the World Wide Web or Internet, anybody can publish or say nearly anything without many obstacles.
- True (Yes, see section 1.4.)
- False (No, see section 1.4.)
A: True

Q: Who does William Badke suggest become the main gatekeepers of the Internet or World Wide Web?
- Journalists (No, he writes: "We, the readers, have to become the gatekeepers to an extent never before seen, due to the lack of external quality control.")
- Authors (No, he writes: "We, the readers, have to become the gatekeepers to an extent never before seen, due to the lack of external quality control.")
- Readers (Yes, he writes: "We, the readers, have to become the gatekeepers to an extent never before seen, due to the lack of external quality control.")
- Professors and academics (No, he writes: "We, the readers, have to become the gatekeepers to an extent never before seen, due to the lack of external quality control.")
A: Readers

Q: Why is it sometimes problematic to cite a quotation from an e-book found in a specialized reader? Choose the best answer.
- Each e-book platform functions in a different way.
- Only portions of the book are available for many titles, due to copyright restrictions
- The original page numbers of the print document or book may have disappeared.
- Navigating library e-books can be a challenging business.
A: The original page numbers of the print document or book may have disappeared.

Q: According to William Badke, be sure you do not use too many keywords at once. Start with one or two, and if that does not give you what you want, try one more. Rarely will you need more than three.
- True (Yes, this is something William Badke says. See page 99. According to William Badke, "be sure you do not use too many keywords at once. Start with one or two, and that does not give you what you want, try one more. Rarely will you need more than three" (99).)
- False (No, this is something William Badke says. See page 99. According to William Badke, "be sure you do not use too many keywords at once. Start with one or two, and that does not give you what you want, try one more. Rarely will you need more than three" (99).)
A: True
Feedback: See page 99 or section 5.1.1.

Q: When looking for books in a library catalog, if your topic is a reasonably standard one, you will probably do best with a keyword search approach.
- True (Incorrect. William Badke writes that when looking for books in a library catalog, if your topic is a reasonably standard one, you will probably do best with a controlled vocabulary subject heading search. See page 98 or 5.1.1.)
- False (Incorrect. William Badke writes that when looking for books in a library catalog, if your topic is a reasonably standard one, you will probably do best with a controlled vocabulary subject heading search. See page 98 or 5.1.1.)
A: False
Feedback: See page 98 or 5.1.1.

Q: Why does William Badke say in general terms that "you need to assume that few books will be exactly on your topic"? Mark all that apply.
- Because they are blunt instruments.
- Because they provide information in physical or electronic formats.
- Books may be about the broader topic, taking up 200 or more pages.
- Because they tend to function best when targeting specific and/or non-traditional approaches to topics.
- Because keyword searching is an inexact science.
A: Because they are blunt instruments.; Books may be about the broader topic, taking up 200 or more pages.

Q: A discovery search tool is essentially one-stop shopping, bringing you many, many results of all types with a single search, including books, journal articles, and other resources in the search results.
- True (Yes, "a discovery search tool is essentially one-stop shopping, like a 'Google of the Library,' bringing you tons of results of every type with a single search." See 5.1 on page 95.)
- False (No, "a discovery search tool is essentially one-stop shopping, like a 'Google of the Library,' bringing you tons of results of every type with a single search." See 5.1 on page 95.)
A: True
Feedback: See 5.1 on page 95.

Q: How can a book title be distinguished from the rest of the information in a bibliographic reference?

Brown, Mary. The Color Pink: Selling Mary Kay Products. New York: McGraw, 2014. Print.

Brown, M. (2014). The color pink: Selling Mary Kay products. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
- It it written in Roman font.
- It it written in boldface type.
- It can be found after the city where it was published.
- It is written in italics.
A: It is written in italics.

Q: Which of the five topic selection methods deals with making or discovering connections between two or more things you already know?
- Read
- Browse
- Ask
- Link
- Look
A: Link

Q: Look at the reference below. Identify the element in the boldface type.

Martin, Robert D. “Night Monkeys (Aotidae).” Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia. Ed. Michael Hutchins, et al. 2nd ed. Vol. 14: Mammals III. Detroit: Gale, 2004. 135-142. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 14 Oct. 2015.

Martin, R. D. (2004). Night monkeys (Aotidae). In M. Hutchins, R. W. Garrison, V. Geist, P. V. Loiselle, N. Schlager, M. C. McDade, ...W. E. Duellman (Eds.), Grzimek's animal life encyclopedia (2nd ed., Vol. 14, pp. 135-142). Detroit, MI: Gale. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com/
- Author
- Date
- Book title
- Chapter, article, or entry title
- Editor, edition, volume
- Location
- Publisher
A: Book title

Q: Identify the source type with the reference information given.
- Giamatti, A. B. (2011). Take time for paradise: Americans and their games. New York, NY: Bloomsbury. Giamatti, A. Bartlett. Take Time for Paradise : Americans and Their Games. New York: Bloomsbury, 2011. Print. | Book
- Duffy, J. (2015, December). Organize your holiday shopping. PC Magazine, 119-122. Retrieved from http://web.a.ebscohost.com Duffy, Jill. "Organize Your Holiday Shopping." PC Magazine Dec. 2015: 119-122. Academic Search Complete. Web. 8 Dec. 2015. | Magazine article
- Gottfried, M., & Lahart, J. (2015, November 14). Do investors know it’s Christmas? Wall Street Journal - Eastern Edition, p. B12. Retrieved from http://web.a.ebscohost.com Gottfried, Miriam, and Justin Lahart. "Do Investors Know It’s Christmas?" Wall Street Journal 14 Nov. 2015, Eastern ed.: B12. Academic Search Complete. Web. 8 Dec. 2015. | Newspaper
- Mansvelt, J. (2008). Geographies of consumption: Citizenship, space and practice. Progress in Human Geography, 32(1), 105-117. Retrieved from http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ Mansvelt, Juliana. "Geographies of Consumption: Citizenship, Space and Practice." Progress in Human Geography 32.1 (2008): 105-117. Academic Search Complete. Web. 9 Dec. 2015. | Journal article
- American Diabetes Association. (2015). Diabetes basics. Retrieved from http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/ American Diabetes Association. "Diabetes Basics." Diabetes.org. American Diabetes Association, 2015. Web. 9 Dec. 2015. | Webpage

Q: Which of the following bibliographic elements are required for a newspaper article?
- Author(s)
- Day, month, year
- Book title
- Newspaper title
- Article title
- DOI
- Volume and issue numbers
- Page numbers
A: Author(s); Day, month, year; Newspaper title; Article title; Page numbers

Q: Match the reference with the source type it represents or describes.
- King, Patricia M., and Karen Strohm Kitchener. Developing Reflective Judgment: Understanding and Promoting Intellectual Growth and Critical Thinking in Adolescents and Adults. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1994. Print. King, P. M., & Kitchener, K. S. (1994). Developing reflective judgment: Understanding and promoting intellectual growth and critical thinking in adolescents and adults. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. | Book
- Bussard, Michelle. "The Nature of Clinical Judgment Development in Reflective Journals." Journal of Nursing Education 54.8 (2015): 451-454. Education Research Complete. Web. 11 Dec. 2015. Bussard, M. (2015). The nature of clinical judgment development in reflective journals. Journal of Nursing Education, 54(8), 451-454. doi:10.3928/01484834-20150717-05 | Scholarly article
- Palmer, C. Michael. "Intellectual Development of Preservice and Novice Music Educators: A Review of Two Models and Their Use in the Literature." Journal of Music Teacher Education 22.1 (2012): 50-62. Education Research Complete. Web. 11 Dec. 2015. Palmer, C. M. (2012). Intellectual development of preservice and novice music educators: A review of two models and their use in the literature. Journal of Music Teacher Education, 22(1), 50-62. doi:10.1177/1057083711422566 | Scholarly article
- Stanley, S. (2011, September). The makeup paradox. Psychology Today, 44(5), 27. Stanley, Sarah. "The Makeup Paradox." Psychology Today Sept. 2011: 27. Academic Search Complete. Web. 11 Dec. 2015. | Magazine article
- "Protection of Intellectual Property Rights Vital for Academic, Economic Growth." Daily Messenger (Pakistan) 24 Nov. 2015. Newspaper Source Plus. Web. 11 Dec. 2015. Protection of intellectual property rights vital for academic, economic growth. (2015, November 24). Daily Messenger (Pakistan). Retrieved from http://web.b.ebscohost.com | Newspaper article
Also offered: Website

Q: Which part of the reference below is highlighted?

Griffiths, E. (2010). Clearing the misty landscape: Teaching students what they didn't know then, but know now. College Teaching, 58(1), 32-37.

Griffiths, Elizabeth. "Clearing the Misty Landscape: Teaching Students What They Didn't Know Then, but Know Now." College Teaching 58.1 (2010): 32-37. Academic Search Complete. Web. 11 Dec. 2015.
- Author's name
- Date
- Article title
- Journal title
- Volume, issue, and page numbers
A: Journal title

Q: Which factors contribute to the ever-shrinking buying power of academic libraries?
- The open-access movement and high inflationary costs
- High inflationary costs and static or decreasing library budgets
- The prestige of academic journals as well as library budgets that stay the same or get cut
A: High inflationary costs and static or decreasing library budgets

Q: Which of the following will help you avoid plagiarism?
- Start early and avoid procrastinating
- Get help from instructors, the Writing Center, or librarians
- Wait until the day before a paper is due before starting the research
- Learn how to cite and document sources in the proper format
- Buy a paper from an online paper mill
- Take good notes of the material you read
- Make up quotations, facts, or ideas of your own
A: Start early and avoid procrastinating; Get help from instructors, the Writing Center, or librarians; Learn how to cite and document sources in the proper format; Take good notes of the material you read

Q: What is the difference between a catalog and an index?
- A catalog will tell you about the parts (like articles, book reviews, images, editorials) and sometimes provide full-text access; an index will tell about the wholes (like books, journals, videos, musical scores, maps, etc.) and where to find them. | catalog
- A catalog will tell you about the parts (like articles, book reviews, images, editorials) and sometimes provide full-text access; an index will tell about the wholes (like books, journals, videos, musical scores, maps, etc.) and where to find them. | index
Also offered: fair

Q: What is the difference between a catalog and an index?
- A catalog will tell you about the parts (like articles, book reviews, images, editorials) and sometimes provide full-text access; an index will tell about the wholes (like books, journals, videos, musical scores, maps, etc.) and where to find them.
- A catalog will tell you about the wholes (like books, journals, videos, musical scores, maps, etc.) and where to find them; an index will tell about the parts (like articles, book reviews, images, editorials) and sometimes provide full-text access.
- A catalog shows what you will find in the building, while an index gives you call numbers to locate the books.
A: A catalog will tell you about the wholes (like books, journals, videos, musical scores, maps, etc.) and where to find them; an index will tell about the parts (like articles, book reviews, images, editorials) and sometimes provide full-text access.

Q: What is metadata, and how does it help researchers find information more quickly?
- It is a library system of organizing information by subject. Books, videos, musical scores, etc. are organized on the shelves according to class or subject, so researchers can find similar items near each other. (No. Metadata is a system of field terms that come along with the data in a database. They are descriptive labels that make it easier to search, because the database has been coded to know the difference between an author and a title. The Library of Congress Classification System does organize information by subject. Books, videos, musical scores, etc. are organized on the shelves according to class or subject, so researchers can find similar items near each other. It is a library system of organizing information by subject. Books, videos, musical scores, etc. are organized on the shelves according to class or subject, so researchers can find similar items near each other. It is a library system of organizing information by subject. Books, videos, musical scores, etc. are organized on the shelves according to class or subject, so researchers can find similar items near each other. It is a library system of organizing information by subject. Books, videos, musical scores, etc. are organized on the shelves according to class or subject, so researchers can find similar items near each other.)
- It is a mathematical algorithm or program that makes a search engine run smoothly. It ranks search results by relevance, looking at which pages get linked to the most, how many times a page uses your keywords, and many other factors. (No. Metadata is a system of field terms that come along with the data. They are descriptive labels that make it easier to search, because the database has been coded to know the difference between an author and a title. Google Page Rank does use an algorithm to look at many factors to try and figure out which websites might be most relevant to a user. No. Metadata is a system of field terms that come along with the data in a database. They are descriptive labels that make it easier to search, because the database has been coded to know the difference between an author and a title. The Library of Congress Classification System does organize information by subject. Books, videos, musical scores, etc. are organized on the shelves according to class or subject, so researchers can find similar items near each other. It is a library system of organizing information by subject. Books, videos, musical scores, etc. are organized on the shelves according to class or subject, so researchers can find similar items near each other. It is a library system of organizing information by subject. Books, videos, musical scores, etc. are organized on the shelves according to class or subject, so researchers can find similar items near each other. It is a library system of organizing information by subject. Books, videos, musical scores, etc. are organized on the shelves according to class or subject, so researchers can find similar items near each other.)
- Metadata is a system of field terms that come along with the data in a database. They are descriptive labels that make it easier to search for specific items, because the database has been coded to know the difference between an author and a title for example. (Yes. Metadata is a system of field terms that come along with the data in a database. They are descriptive labels that make it easier to search, because the database has been coded to know the difference between an author and a title.)
A: Metadata is a system of field terms that come along with the data in a database. They are descriptive labels that make it easier to search for specific items, because the database has been coded to know the difference between an author and a title for example.

Q: True or False: Copyright is a legal concern, while plagiarism is mainly an ethical concern.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: According to both the MLA Handbook and the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association [APA manual], what are two of the main purposes of documenting your sources or listing references?
- One of the main purposes of documenting sources or listing references is to help you complete a requirement for your assignments. (Of course this is true, but the question asked you to identify one of the main purposes given in both the APA manual and the MLA handbook. Both books say that one of the main purposes of documenting sources or listing references is to enable or assist readers in locating or retrieving and using your sources of information (APA, p. 180; MLA 126). MLA also says we need to give credit to others for the ideas we have borrowed from them.)
- One of the main purposes of documenting sources or listing references is to figure out what kinds of information are necessary to include. (Incorrect. This answer addresses the how of documenting sources, but the question asked you to identify the why or purpose of listing references/documenting sources. One of the main purposes of documenting sources or listing references is to enable or assist readers in locating or retrieving and using your sources of information (APA, p. 180; MLA 126). MLA also says we need to give credit to others for the ideas we have borrowed from them.)
- One of the main purposes of documenting sources or listing references is to enable or assist readers in locating or retrieving and using your sources of information. (Yes. One of the main purposes of documenting sources or listing references is to enable or assist readers in locating or retrieving and using your sources of information (APA, p. 180; MLA 126). MLA also says we need to give credit to others for the ideas we have borrowed from them. We owe a debt to those who have worked hard and preceded us.)
- One of the main purposes of documenting sources or listing references is to acknowledge the work of previous scholars or acknowledging your debts to predecessors. (One of the main purposes of documenting sources or listing references is to acknowledge the work of previous scholars (APA, p. 37; MLA 126).)
A: One of the main purposes of documenting sources or listing references is to enable or assist readers in locating or retrieving and using your sources of information.; One of the main purposes of documenting sources or listing references is to acknowledge the work of previous scholars or acknowledging your debts to predecessors.

Q: When there is no author given, or the author is unknown, both MLA and APA guidelines are essentially the same. How should a reference be documented when we do not know the author or authors?
- Place the date at the beginning of the reference. (No, in both MLA and APA the title should be moved or placed at the beginning while alphabetizing by the first significant word, meaning that articles of speech should be ignored.)
- The title should be moved or placed at the beginning while alphabetizing by the first significant word, ignoring words like the, a, an. (in both MLA and APA the title should be moved or placed at the beginning while alphabetizing by the first significant word, meaning that articles of speech should be ignored.)
- If no author is given, add the word "Anonymous" in the place where the author's name should be. (No. In both MLA and APA the title should be moved or placed at the beginning while alphabetizing by the first significant word, meaning that articles of speech should be ignored. Only when a source actually says the author is "Anonymous," should that be given as the author's name.)
- If no author is given, then you should not use or cite that particular source, since the accuracy of the information is questionable. (It may be true that the accuracy of the information in a source with no given author is questionable, but MLA and APA say that the title should be moved or placed at the beginning while alphabetizing by the first significant word, meaning that articles of speech should be ignored.)
A: The title should be moved or placed at the beginning while alphabetizing by the first significant word, ignoring words like the, a, an.

Q: How should titles of books or articles be written in MLA and APA style?
- All important words of the title should be capitalized in MLA, while only the first word of the title and of the subtitle, if any, and any proper nouns should be capitalized in APA. (Yes. All important words of the title should be capitalized in MLA (128), while only the first word of the title and of the subtitle, if any, and any proper nouns should be capitalized in APA (p. 185).)
- All important words of the title should be capitalized in MLA and APA styles. (Yes. All important words of the title should be capitalized in MLA (128), while only the first word of the title and of the subtitle, if any, and any proper nouns should be capitalized in APA (p. 185).)
A: All important words of the title should be capitalized in MLA, while only the first word of the title and of the subtitle, if any, and any proper nouns should be capitalized in APA.

Q: For a book in regular print format, which of the following bibliographic references are formatted correctly in the MLA and APA styles?

Note: The first reference is the "MLA" reference, while the second one is the "APA" reference.
- Twain, Mark. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. New York: Heritage P, 1940. Print. Twain, M. (1940). The adventures of Huckleberry Finn. New York, NY: Heritage Press.
- Twain, Mark. "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn." New York: The Heritage Press, 1940. Print. Twain, M. (1940). The adventures of huckleberry finn. New York: The Heritage Press.
- Twain, M. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. New York: Heritage P, 1940. Print. Twain, Mark. (1940). The adventures of Huckleberry Finn. New York, NY: Heritage Press.
- Twain, Mark. (1940). The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Print. New York: Heritage P. Twain, M. The adventures of Huckleberry Finn. (1940). New York, NY: Heritage Press.
A: Twain, Mark. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. New York: Heritage P, 1940. Print. Twain, M. (1940). The adventures of Huckleberry Finn. New York, NY: Heritage Press.

Q: For an entry in an encyclopedia, which of the following bibliographic references are formatted correctly in the MLA and APA styles?

Note: The first reference is the "MLA" reference, while the second one is the "APA" reference.
- Cuddon, J. A. “Irony.” The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory. Rev. C. E. Preston. 4th ed. New York: Penguin, 1998. Print. Cuddon, J. A. (1998). Irony. In C. E. Preston (Ed.), The Penguin dictionary of literary terms and literary theory (4th ed., pp. 427-432). New York, NY: Penguin Books. (Yes, see 7.02 in the APA manual and 5.5.7 in the MLA Handbook.)
- Cuddon, J. A. Irony. The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory. C. E. Preston. 4th ed. New York, NY: Penguin Books, 1998. Cuddon, J. A. (1998). "Irony." In C. E. Preston, The Penguin dictionary of literary terms and literary theory (4th ed., pp. 427-432). New York: Penguin. (No, see 7.02 in the APA manual and 5.5.7 in the MLA Handbook.)
- Cuddon, J. A. “Irony.” The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory. Rev. C. E. Preston. 4th ed. Print. Cuddon, J. A. (1998). Irony. In C. E. Preston (Ed.), The Penguin dictionary of literary terms and literary theory (4th ed., pp. 427-432). (No, see 7.02 in the APA manual and 5.5.7 in the MLA Handbook.)
- Cuddon, J. A. “Irony.” The Penguin dictionary of literary terms and literary theory. Rev. C. E. Preston. Fourth edition. New York: Penguin, 1998. Print. Cuddon, J. A. (1998). Irony. In C. E. Preston (Ed.), The Penguin dictionary of literary terms and literary theory (Fourth edition, pages 427-432). New York, NY: Penguin Books. (No, see 7.02 in the APA manual and 5.5.7 in the MLA Handbook.)
A: Cuddon, J. A. “Irony.” The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory. Rev. C. E. Preston. 4th ed. New York: Penguin, 1998. Print. Cuddon, J. A. (1998). Irony. In C. E. Preston (Ed.), The Penguin dictionary of literary terms and literary theory (4th ed., pp. 427-432). New York, NY: Penguin Books.

Q: In our discussion on information literacy, we defined data and information differently. How is data different from information?
- Each discipline uses the same kind of data, while every discipline looks at different types of information.
- The types of data are different in each academic discipline, but types of information are the same in each discipline.
- Data is gathered from articles, books, and websites, while information is collected from controlled laboratory experiments, surveys, opinion polls, case studies, and "texts."
A: The types of data are different in each academic discipline, but types of information are the same in each discipline.

Enter a single Boolean search statement correctly, combining at least four out of the six kinds of operators, characters, or symbols: and, or, not, proximity operator, wildcard character, and truncation code. Enter this search statement on one line. Remember to include parentheses when it is appropriate to do so.
Feedback: Two points for each operator or code. Take off a half point if parentheses are not used correctly.

Q: Match the term with the correct definition.
- Information | A truth that both the sender and receiver know to be true.
- Library of Congress Classification System | A way of organizing items by subject or class with call numbers that makes it easy for researchers to browse for books and other materials.
- Peer review process | Articles are sent to specialists who critically analyze the information, methods, and conclusions before making recommendations to the publisher.
- Field | A specific part of a record with each part containing information not found in the other parts.
- Hybrid tool | Includes facts and finding aids that point to other sources of information. Examples are encyclopedias, handbooks, textbooks, etc.
- Book | A print publication with its own title and that is fifty pages or longer.
- Information cycle or publication timeline | Refers to the amount of time it takes to publish details about events in different formats or venues.
- Abstract | A short summary of an article.

Q: Match each item with its descriptor.
- Popular magazines | The focus of these is to inform, but they need to also entertain readers with glossy images, short to mid-sized articles, and lots of advertising.
- Scholarly journals | These focus on providing information for academics and students with advanced reading levels, specialized vocabularies, and tend to have notes and bibliographies.
- Trade magazines | These focus on providing information for a workers or professionals in a specific field, industry, or technology. They are not typically peer reviewed, though they can be technical.
- ILL | This refers to the interlibrary loan services that deliver articles and books to researchers.
Also offered: They are printed daily, and have the most current area information.; This refers to journal copyright services.

Q: What information is included in a journal article citation or reference (print version)?
- Author of article, date published, article title, journal title, volume number, issue number, page number
- Author of article, article title, journal name, place of publication, publisher's name, date of publication.
- Place of publication, publisher's name, article title, author of article, journal title, ISSN
- Date of publication, author of article, page numbers, volume number, issue number, journal title
A: Author of article, date published, article title, journal title, volume number, issue number, page number

Q: True of false:  The inclusion of the ISSN within a bibliographic reference or citation is essential if one is to locate a specific journal article in the future.
- True
- False
A: False

Q: Fill in the blanks:

When a keyword search would return far too many results, a practical approach to limiting your results would include __________, _____________, _______________.
- Staging, controlled vocabularies, and advanced searches
- Searching with DOIs, accessing ILL, using the advanced search, and talking to your professor
- Staging, searching DOI, and Google Book Project
- Searching with the ISSN, the DOI, and controlled vocabularies
A: Staging, controlled vocabularies, and advanced searches

Q: In both the APA and the MLA styles, how should the date for scholarly journal articles be formatted in a bibliographic reference?
- In italics immediately after the author's name in APA and after the volume and issue numbers in MLA. (Incorrect. The date should be inside parentheses.)
- In boldface font immediately after the author's name in MLA and after the volume and issue numbers in APA. (Incorrect. The date should be inside parentheses.)
- Within parentheses immediately after the author's name in APA and after the volume and issue numbers in MLA. (Correct. The date should be inside parentheses.)
- Written out in English (Example: Two thousand ten) immediately after the author's name in MLA and after the volume and issue numbers in APA. (Incorrect. The date should be inside parentheses.)
- Wherever you want to put it. (Incorrect. The date should be inside parentheses.)
A: Within parentheses immediately after the author's name in APA and after the volume and issue numbers in MLA.

Q: Which of the following shows a scholarly journal article formatted correctly? MLA references are shown first followed by the APA references.
- Piper, Andrew. "Rethinking the Print Object: Goethe and the Book of Everything." PMLA 121.1 (2006): 124-38. Print. [MLA] Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24, 225-229. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225 [APA]
- Piper, Andrew. Print. "Rethinking the print object: Goethe and the book of everything." PMLA 121.1 (2006): 124-38. [MLA] Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Volunteer Support, Marital Status, and the Survival Times of Terminally Ill Patients. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225 Health Psychology, 24, 225-229. [APA]
- Piper, Andrew. (2006). "Rethinking the Print Object: Goethe and the Book of Everything." PMLA 121.1: 124-38. Print. [MLA] Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24, (2005): 225-229. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225 [APA]
- Piper, Andrew. Rethinking the Print Object: Goethe and the Book of Everything. PMLA 121.1 (2006): pgs. 124-38. Print. [MLA] Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). "Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients." Health Psychology, 24, pp. 225-229. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225 [APA]
A: Piper, Andrew. "Rethinking the Print Object: Goethe and the Book of Everything." PMLA 121.1 (2006): 124-38. Print. [MLA] Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24, 225-229. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225 [APA]

Q: Government reports as well as technical or research reports do not often include the names of individuals as the authors. What should be included at the beginning of a bibliographic reference for a government publication where we usually see the author's name or authors' names? The answer is the same in both the MLA handbook and the APA manual.
- The name of the report (No, the name of the government agency or association should be listed first, since they are the authors.)
- The date (No, the name of the government agency or association should be listed first, since they are the authors.)
- The name of the government agency, when the agency is not the publisher also. (Yes, the name of the government agency should be listed first, since they are the authors, as long as the agency is not the publisher also.)
- The place of publication (No, the name of the government agency or association should be listed first, since they are the authors.)
A: The name of the government agency, when the agency is not the publisher also.

Q: Which of the following correctly formats or documents the government document? The APA reference is provided first, and the MLA reference is given second.
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. (2011). Understanding prostate changes: A health guide for men (NIH Publication No. 11-4303). Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/understanding-prostate-changes/prostate-booklet.pdf United States. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Natl. Inst. of Health. Natl. Cancer Inst. Understanding Prostate Changes: A Health Guide for Men. National Cancer Institute, Aug. 2011. Accessed: 24 Mar. 2016. (Correct!)
- United States. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. (2011). Understanding prostate changes: A health guide for men (NIH Publication No. 11-4303). Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/understanding-prostate-changes/prostate-booklet.pdf U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Natl. Inst. of Health. Natl. Cancer Inst. "Understanding Prostate Changes: A Health Guide for Men." Natl. Cancer Inst., Aug. 2011. Web. 24 Mar. 2016. (Incorrect. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. (2011). Understanding prostate changes: A health guide for men (NIH Publication No. 11-4303). Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/understanding-prostate-changes/prostate-booklet.pdf United States. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Natl. Inst. of Health. Natl. Cancer Inst. Understanding Prostate Changes: A Health Guide for Men. Natl. Cancer Inst., Aug. 2011. Web. 24 Mar. 2016.)
- (2011). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. Understanding prostate changes: A health guide for men. Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/understanding-prostate-changes/prostate-booklet.pdf United States. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Natl. Inst. of Health. Natl. Cancer Inst. Understanding Prostate Changes: A Health Guide for Men. (Incorrect. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. (2011). Understanding prostate changes: A health guide for men (NIH Publication No. 11-4303). Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/understanding-prostate-changes/prostate-booklet.pdf United States. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Natl. Inst. of Health. Natl. Cancer Inst. Understanding Prostate Changes: A Health Guide for Men. Natl. Cancer Inst., Aug. 2011. Web. 24 Mar. 2016.)
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. (2011). Understanding Prostate Changes: A Health Guide for Men (NIH Publication No. 11-4303). Natl. Cancer Inst., Aug. 2011. Web. 24 Mar. 2016. United States. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Natl. Inst. of Health. Natl. Cancer Inst. Understanding Prostate Changes: A Health Guide For Men. Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/understanding-prostate-changes/prostate-booklet.pdf (Incorrect. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. (2011). Understanding prostate changes: A health guide for men (NIH Publication No. 11-4303). Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/understanding-prostate-changes/prostate-booklet.pdf United States. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Natl. Inst. of Health. Natl. Cancer Inst. Understanding Prostate Changes: A Health Guide for Men. Natl. Cancer Inst., Aug. 2011. Web. 24 Mar. 2016.)
A: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. (2011). Understanding prostate changes: A health guide for men (NIH Publication No. 11-4303). Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/understanding-prostate-changes/prostate-booklet.pdf United States. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Natl. Inst. of Health. Natl. Cancer Inst. Understanding Prostate Changes: A Health Guide for Men. National Cancer Institute, Aug. 2011. Accessed: 24 Mar. 2016.

Q: According to William Badke, what is Google Scholar? Choose the best answer.
- It is a database of current, relevant dissertations and theses.
- It is a search engine devoted to books, journal articles, conference proceedings, and academic websites found on the World Wide Web.
- It is a search engine for academic and scientific information that offers immediate and easy access to free full-text information on the World Wide Web.
A: It is a search engine devoted to books, journal articles, conference proceedings, and academic websites found on the World Wide Web.

Q: Which of the following references correctly documents a YouTube video? APA references are shown first, and MLA references are shown second.
- Memorial University Libraries. (2013, Sept. 11). APA Style Reference List: How To Reference Websites [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tNfa2zVuWE Memorial University Libraries. “APA style reference list: How to reference websites.” YouTube. YouTube.com, 11 September 2013. Web. 01 Apr. 2016.
- Memorial University Libraries. (2013, September 11). APA style reference list: How to reference websites [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tNfa2zVuWE Memorial University Libraries. “APA Style Reference List: How to Reference Websites.” YouTube. YouTube.com, 11 Sept. 2013. Web. 01 Apr. 2016.
- APA style reference list: How to reference websites. Memorial University Libraries. (2013, September 11). [Video file]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tNfa2zVuWE “APA Style Reference List: How to Reference Websites.” Memorial University Libraries. YouTube. YouTube.com, 11 Sept. 2013. 01 Apr. 2016.
- Memorial University Libraries. (2013, September 11). APA style reference list: How to reference websites. YouTube.com Memorial University Libraries. “APA Style Reference List: How to Reference Websites.” YouTube. YouTube.com, 11 Sept. 2013. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tNfa2zVuWE
A: Memorial University Libraries. (2013, September 11). APA style reference list: How to reference websites [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tNfa2zVuWE Memorial University Libraries. “APA Style Reference List: How to Reference Websites.” YouTube. YouTube.com, 11 Sept. 2013. Web. 01 Apr. 2016.

Q: Which of the following magazine articles are documented correctly? The APA references appear first, and the MLA references appear second.
- Sheehan, J. (2015, August). Keeping the farm. Sports Illustrated, 123(7), 57. Retrieved from http://libpublic3.library.isu.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=108995727&site=ehost-live Sheehan, Joe. "Keeping the Farm." Sports Illustrated 123.7 (2015): 57. Academic Search Complete. Web. 1 Apr. 2016.
- Sheehan, J. (2015, August). Keeping the Farm. Sports Illustrated, 123(7), p. 57. Retrieved from http://libpublic3.library.isu.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=108995727&site=ehost-live Sheehan, Joe. "Keeping the Farm." Sports Illustrated: 57. 1 Apr. 2016. Web. Academic Search Complete. 24 Aug. 2015.
- Sheehan, J. (2015, August). Keeping the farm. Sports Illustrated, 123(7), 57. Retrieved from http://libpublic3.library.isu.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=108995727&site=ehost-live Sheehan, Joe. "Keeping the Farm." Sports Illustrated 24 Aug. 2015: 57. Academic Search Complete. Web. 1 Apr. 2016.
- Sheehan, J. (2015). Keeping the farm. Sports Illustrated, 123(7), 57. Retrieved from http://libpublic3.library.isu.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=108995727&site=ehost-live Sheehan, J. "Keeping The Farm." Sports Illustrated 24 Aug. 2015: 57. Academic Search Complete. Web. 1 Apr. 2016.
A: Sheehan, J. (2015, August). Keeping the farm. Sports Illustrated, 123(7), 57. Retrieved from http://libpublic3.library.isu.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=108995727&site=ehost-live Sheehan, Joe. "Keeping the Farm." Sports Illustrated 24 Aug. 2015: 57. Academic Search Complete. Web. 1 Apr. 2016.

Q: One of the purposes of a citation or bibliographic reference is to document evidence so that others can, if they like, track it down themselves.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: When talking about evaluating information what does Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor mean by currency?
- In this case, currency refers to money in relation to information gathering.
- In this case, currency refers to the universality of information.
- In this case, currency refers to the timeliness of information.
- In this case, currency refers to the readability of information.
A: In this case, currency refers to the timeliness of information.

Q: When using two or more keywords, which of the following database commands, codes, or operators will usually increase your results in a library catalog or journal article database search?
- The or and the and operators or connectors
- The truncation code (*, ?) and the or operator
- The and operator and the wildcard character
- The not operator and the truncation codes (*, ?)
- The proximity (n3, w2) and not operators
A: The truncation code (*, ?) and the or operator

Q: According to class lectures, which of the following types of searches will increase your precision, or yield a higher percentage of relevant results?
- A controlled-vocabulary or assigned-subject search
- An assigned-subject or keyword Boolean search
- A keyword Boolean or controlled vocabulary search
- An Internet or OneSearch search
- An EBSCOhost or open access search
A: A controlled-vocabulary or assigned-subject search

Choose between one of the two options given below:
- Option One: Briefly describe a time when you have used information-literacy skills to get something done. Be sure to include in your description how you used the five information-literacy skills/standards. Minimum: 75 words
- Option Two: Which assignment or type of assignment in this class has been the most helpful in accomplishing the information-literacy objectives for this course? Why? Identify two or three learning objectives this assignment or assignment type addressed. Minimum: 75 words

Enter a single Boolean search statement correctly, combining at least five out of the six kinds of operators, characters, or symbols: and, or, not, proximity operator, wildcard character, and truncation code. Using quotation marks correctly may also count as one of these five operators or characters. Enter this search statement on one line.

Remember to include parentheses when it is appropriate to do so.
Feedback: One point for each operator or code, and one point if parentheses or other syntax items are used correctly or spelling is correct.

Q: Match the term with the correct definition.
- Information | A truth that both the sender and receiver know to be true.
- Library of Congress Classification System | A way of organizing items by subject or class with call numbers that makes it easy for researchers to browse for books and other materials.
- Peer review process | Articles are sent to specialists who critically analyze the information, methods, and conclusions before making recommendations to the publisher.
- Field | A specific part of a record with each part containing information not found in the other parts.
- Hybrid tool | Includes facts and finding aids that point to other sources of information. Examples are encyclopedias, handbooks, textbooks, etc.
- Fair Use | Describes a literary or artistic work that can be used in a limited manner for commentary, parody, research, or education.
- Information cycle or publication timeline | Refers to the amount of time it takes to publish details about events in different formats or venues.
- Public domain | Describes a literary or artistic work that is free to be copied or used in any way by anybody.

Q: True or False:

The digital object identifier (doi) is a barcode-like number that remains attached to an article and helps researchers find the electronic version of the article. Crossref.org lets you search with a doi to find a link to the full-text article connected to that doi.
- True (Yes, using http://www.crossref.org anyone can enter a doi and find the electronic version of the article, usually on the publisher's website.)
- False (Incorrect, using http://www.crossref.org anyone can enter a doi and find the electronic version of the article, usually on the publisher's website.)
A: True

Q: Popular periodicals, like Newsweek magazine, usually contain many advertisements. What are two other characteristics of popular periodicals like magazines and newspapers?
- Articles are fairly short, providing an overview; Articles follow a specific structure: abstract, literature review, methodology, conclusion, references. (No, the best answer is: articles are not reviewed by experts, but by staff members; articles No, the best answer is: articles are not reviewed by experts, but by staff members; articles are fairly short, providing an overview)
- Articles are not reviewed by experts, but by staff members; Language can be full of technical jargon or complex vocabulary. (No, the best answer is: articles are not reviewed by experts, but by staff members; articles are fairly short, providing an overview.)
- Articles are not reviewed by experts, but by staff members; Articles are fairly short, providing an overview. (Yes, articles are not reviewed by experts, but by staff members; articles are fairly short, providing an overview.)
- Language can be full of technical jargon or complex vocabulary; Articles follow a specific structure: abstract, literature review, methodology, conclusion, references. (No, the best answer is: articles are not reviewed by experts, but by staff members; articles are fairly short, providing an overview.)
A: Articles are not reviewed by experts, but by staff members; Articles are fairly short, providing an overview.

Q: How does the scholarly open access movement work?
- Information that is no longer protected by law may be used by anyone and may be copied, changed, or used for profit.
- Libraries and other subscribers pay a company for access to their publications on a title-by-title basis; authors do not need to pay for their work to be published.
- Readers do not pay to access research articles; however, the authors or their institutions may need to pay for an article to get published.
A: Readers do not pay to access research articles; however, the authors or their institutions may need to pay for an article to get published.

Q: I will not talk, text, or share information about the test, the test questions, or answers with other students until after they have completed the exam.
- True, I will not talk about the test or test questions with students in this or other sections.
- False, I will talk about the test or the test questions with students in this or other sections.
A: True, I will not talk about the test or test questions with students in this or other sections.

Q: Match the reference with the source type it represents or describes. The MLA references are given first.
- King, Patricia M., and Karen Strohm Kitchener. Developing Reflective Judgment: Understanding and Promoting Intellectual Growth and Critical Thinking in Adolescents and Adults. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1994. Print. King, P. M., & Kitchener, K. S. (1994). Developing reflective judgment: Understanding and promoting intellectual growth and critical thinking in adolescents and adults. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. | Book
- Bussard, Michelle. "The Nature of Clinical Judgment Development in Reflective Journals." Journal of Nursing Education 54.8 (2015): 451-454. Education Research Complete. Web. 11 Dec. 2015. Bussard, M. (2015). The nature of clinical judgment development in reflective journals. Journal of Nursing Education, 54(8), 451-454. doi:10.3928/01484834-20150717-05 | Scholarly article
- Palmer, C. Michael. "Intellectual Development of Preservice and Novice Music Educators: A Review of Two Models and Their Use in the Literature." Journal of Music Teacher Education 22.1 (2012): 50-62. Education Research Complete. Web. 11 Dec. 2015. Palmer, C. M. (2012). Intellectual development of preservice and novice music educators: A review of two models and their use in the literature. Journal of Music Teacher Education, 22(1), 50-62. doi:10.1177/1057083711422566 | Scholarly article
- Stanley, S. (2011, September). The makeup paradox. Psychology Today, 44(5), 27. Stanley, Sarah. "The Makeup Paradox." Psychology Today Sept. 2011: 27. Academic Search Complete. Web. 11 Dec. 2015. | Magazine article
- "Protection of Intellectual Property Rights Vital for Academic, Economic Growth." Daily Messenger (Pakistan) 24 Nov. 2015. Newspaper Source Plus. Web. 11 Dec. 2015. Protection of intellectual property rights vital for academic, economic growth. (2015, November 24). Daily Messenger (Pakistan). Retrieved from http://web.b.ebscohost.com | Newspaper article
Also offered: Website

Q: True or False: If a person breaks copyright law they can be taken to court and be required to pay a fine. If a student plagiarizes their work intentionally or unintentionally, they may receive a failing grade on their assignment, fail the course, or be expelled from the university.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: According to one of the videos in class, why was the Internet developed?
- To make it so that libraries could send and receive catalog records across the country using Z39.0 technology.
- To establish Internet exchanges so that different providers could send and receive information for their customers.
- To maintain communications among the United States military personnel in case of a major attack.
- To put the television companies out of business.
- So that the world could enjoy watching cat videos every day.
A: To maintain communications among the United States military personnel in case of a major attack.

Choose between one of the two options given below:
- Option One: What are the five information-literacy competency standards? Minimum: 75 words
- Option Two: Briefly describe a time when you have used information-literacy skills to get something done. Be sure to include in your description how you used the five information-literacy skills/standards. Minimum: 75 words

Enter a single Boolean search statement correctly, combining at least four out of the six kinds of operators, characters, or symbols: and, or, not, proximity operator, wildcard character, and truncation code. Enter this search statement on one line.

Remember to include parentheses when it is appropriate to do so.
Feedback: Two points for each operator or code, and one point if parentheses or other syntax items are used correctly or spelling is correct.

Q: Match the term with the correct definition.
- Information | A truth that both the sender and receiver know to be true.
- Library of Congress Classification System | A way of organizing items by subject or class with call numbers that makes it easy for researchers to browse for books and other materials.
- Peer review process | Articles are sent to specialists who critically analyze the information, methods, and conclusions before making recommendations to the publisher.
- Field | A specific part of a record with each part containing information not found in the other parts.
- Hybrid tool | Includes facts and finding aids that point to other sources of information. Examples are encyclopedias, handbooks, textbooks, etc.
- Metadata | Descriptive labels of the information. It helps searchers find specific information faster.
- Information cycle or publication timeline | Refers to the amount of time it takes to publish details about events in different formats or venues.
- Primary source | Evidence produced as close as possible in time or place to an event.

Q: What does it mean to have data as a tool?
- Find out everything you can about a topic and explain what you have learned.
- Gather basic information about your topic, identify a problem or issue related to that topic, and explain what you learned from the sources you found.
- Gather basic information about your topic, identify a problem or issue related to that topic, and use the data you gathered to try and solve that problem or issue.
A: Gather basic information about your topic, identify a problem or issue related to that topic, and use the data you gathered to try and solve that problem or issue.

Q: According to Badke, what role does a good research question play?
- It tells what your research is about. (No, it identifies the research problem and gives you the direction your research needs to take to solve it (Badke, 2014, p. 253).)
- It identifies the research problem and gives you the direction your research needs to take to solve it. (Yes, it identifies the research problem and gives you the direction your research needs to take to solve it (Badke, 2014, p. 253).)
- It names what topic you intend to study up on, so you can compile data to share with others. (No, it identifies the research problem and gives you the direction your research needs to take to solve it (Badke, 2014, p. 253).)
- It formulates a creative question that is very difficult to answer, since they are hard or impossible to test or measure with the available information. (No, it identifies the research problem and gives you the direction your research needs to take to solve it (Badke, 2014, p. 253).)
A: It identifies the research problem and gives you the direction your research needs to take to solve it.

Q: The two parts of documentation include the citations, or in-text citations, and the references or bibliography with the full information about a source.
- True (Yes, the two parts of documentation include the citations, or in-text citations, and the references or bibliography with the full information about a source.)
- False (No, the two parts of documentation include the citations, or in-text citations, and the references or bibliography with the full information about a source.)
A: True

Q: William Badke suggests that you try to use as many keywords as possible to give you the best chance of finding relevant results in a journal database search.
- True (Incorrect, Badke says: "Use as few words as you need to define your topic, no more." See 3.2.2. "With an AND search, always look for the fewest number of terms required to get data that is on targer with your search goals. The more unnecessary terms you add, the more you risk screening good data (that does not use those terms) out of your results" (Badke, 2014, p. 55).)
- False (Correct, Badke says: "Use as few words as you need to define your topic, no more." See 3.2.2. "With an AND search, always look for the fewest number of terms required to get data that is on targer with your search goals. The more unnecessary terms you add, the more you risk screening good data (that does not use those terms) out of your results" (Badke, 2014, p. 55).)
A: False

Q: William Badke says people have a difficult time understanding differences between keywords and subject headings. What is one advantage of using subject headings instead of keywords?
- Lack of metadata leads to tons of search results, but you have to do a large amount of sifting to find a match with what you were searching for. (This answer defines one of the retrieval problems, but it cannot be considered evidence or an example. See 4.4 & 4.5. The answer is "A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title.")
- The metadata comes in the form of a 'record,' that is, a short description of the data. (See 4.4 & 4.5. The answer is "A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title.")
- Computers are not intelligent creatures. They recognize letters and words, and they can find exactly what you type into the search box. They don't even know what your words mean. (See 4.4 & 4.5. The answer is "A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title.")
- A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title. (See 4.4 & 4.5. The answer is "A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title.")
A: A subject heading search will return all the books in the system on your topic even if your terms are not in the title.

Q: Why is copyright important? Choose the best answer.
- It gives authors the ability to control the use of their work for a limited time. (Yes, it gives authors the ability or right under the law to control the use of their work for a limited time.)
- It gives inventors the opportunity to manufacture their inventions first and to profit from their production. (No, it gives authors the ability or right under the law to control the use of their work for a limited time. A patent may give inventors the rights to their inventions.)
- It protects the rights of a company to mark their products with a recognizable symbol or name. (No, it gives authors the ability or right under the law to control the use of their work for a limited time. Companies may protect their product logos through trademark law.)
- It limits the number of people that can obtain the information. (No, it gives authors the ability or right under the law to control the use of their work for a limited time.)
A: It gives authors the ability to control the use of their work for a limited time.

Q: Answer the following questions by selecting the correct response from the drop-down window.  What is a fuzzy question? What is a question that "just isn't there"? What is a "will not fly" question? What is a multi-part question?
- What is a fuzzy question? | It is either unclear or ambiguous.
- What is a question that "just isn't there"? | It is a question that does not lead to real research.
- What is a "will not fly" question? | It is a question that seek solutions that can't be tested or measured; it delves into the unknown.
- What is a multi-part question? | It is a question with multiple goals, which divide your paper up...and destroy unity.
Also offered: It is a question without a valid topic.; The question focuses on specific research.
Feedback: Badke, W. (2014). Research Strategies: Finding your Way through the Information Fog. 5th ed. Bloomington: Universe LLC. (p. 250-263)

Q: When looking at the following bibliographic reference, what kind of formatting style is used for book titles in both the APA and the MLA references?
- MLA: Hawkins, John P., and Walter Randolph Adams. Health Care in Maya Guatemala: Confronting Medical Pluralism in a Developing Country. Norman: U of Oklahoma P, 2007.
- APA: Hawkins, J. P., & Adams, W. R. (2007). Health care in Maya Guatemala: Confronting medical pluralism in a developing country. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press.
- Roman font style
- Italics font style
- Abbreviations
- Surname or last name is given first, followed by the first name or initials
A: Italics font style

Q: When looking at the following bibliographic reference, where can the place of publication be found in both the APA and the MLA references?

- MLA: Hawkins, John P., and Walter Randolph Adams. Health Care in Maya Guatemala: Confronting Medical Pluralism in a Developing Country. Norman: U of Oklahoma P, 2007.
- APA: Hawkins, J. P., & Adams, W. R. (2007). Health care in Maya Guatemala: Confronting medical pluralism in a developing country. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press.
- After the date
- After the author and before the book title
- After the publisher's name
- After the book title and before the publisher's name
- It cannot be determined with the information provided
A: After the book title and before the publisher's name

Q: When looking at the following bibliographic reference, what are two differences in how the APA and the MLA citation styles format a book reference?

- MLA: Hawkins, John P., and Walter Randolph Adams. Health Care in Maya Guatemala: Confronting Medical Pluralism in a Developing Country. Norman: U of Oklahoma P, 2007.
- APA: Hawkins, J. P., & Adams, W. R. (2007). Health care in Maya Guatemala: Confronting medical pluralism in a developing country. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press.
- How the given or first names are written and where the date appears
- How the last names are written and where the date appears
- How the city of publication is written and where the publisher's name is placed
- The font style of the title and the location of the place of publication
- APA uses headline style capitalization for book titles, and MLA uses sentence style capitalization.
A: How the given or first names are written and where the date appears

Q: According to the required readings, what is a folksonomy?
- Folksonomy refers to a user-created method of labeling items so that you or anyone else in your circle of friends or colleagues can use these labels to find your items. (Yes, folksonomy refers to a user-created method of labeling items so that you or anyone else in your circle of friends or colleagues can use these labels to find your items. See section 4.4.)
- Folksonomy refers to user-friendly subheadings found in a data record. (No, folksonomy refers to a user-created method of labeling items so that you or anyone else in your circle of friends or colleagues can use these labels to find your items. See section 4.4.)
- Folksonomy refers to a standardized system of subject headings that describe books and articles. (No, folksonomy refers to a user-created method of labeling items so that you or anyone else in your circle of friends or colleagues can use these labels to find your items. See section 4.4.)
- Folksonomy refers to the data-mining of biographical and bibliographic information from a website. (No, folksonomy refers to a user-created method of labeling items so that you or anyone else in your circle of friends or colleagues can use these labels to find your items. See section 4.4.)
A: Folksonomy refers to a user-created method of labeling items so that you or anyone else in your circle of friends or colleagues can use these labels to find your items.

Q: Any database is only as useful as its retrieval capability. That means that a database is worth using only if you can pull out the information it contains.
- True (True, see 4.2 "Understanding metadata." Any database is only as useful as its retrieval capability. If you can't find what you need, then you have a data dump, not a database.)
- False (No, see 4.2 "Understanding metadata." Any database is only as useful as its retrieval capability. If you can't find what you need, then you have a data dump, not a database.)
A: True

Q: In his book, Research Strategies, Badke claims that the trouble with an open-ended question is:
- that it kills your focus or at least broadens it into something too big to deal with, because you are trying to answer too many questions. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text. The multi-part question is one that it kills your focus or at least broadens it into something too big to deal with, because you are trying to answer too many questions.)
- that professors will wonder what the purpose of your paper is. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text. The question is not there is one that professors will wonder what the purpose of your paper is. It will have data as the goal where the student regurgitates information the professor may already know.)
- that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers and destroy any hope of the paper having a single-minded goal. (Yes, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 38-39 in the text.)
- that it isn't clear enough to make it possible to answer. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text. The fuzzy question is one that it isn't clear enough to make it possible to answer.)
- that it tries to answer questions that the data simply will not answer. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text. The question that will not fly tries to answer questions that the data simply will not answer.)
A: that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers and destroy any hope of the paper having a single-minded goal.

Q: According to lectures and readings this semester, what is peer review?
- A system by which potential articles or manuscripts are read by other scholars in the field who make recommendations to publishers and the original authors.
- A business model that specializes in publishing information for or about a particular industry or technology.
- A group of reporters who work together to collect and share the news each day.
- A group of writers and editors who interview individuals and write longer stories that are published on a monthly or weekly basis often in a particular area of interest or niche.
A: A system by which potential articles or manuscripts are read by other scholars in the field who make recommendations to publishers and the original authors.
Feedback: Badke (2014). See 5.3.1.

Q: A literature review is placed after the introduction of a paper. Additionally, a literature review provides a brief overview of the relevant research, as well as applicable current research in that area of investigation, provides background information on the topic, and provides a solid foundation for the topic.
- True (Yes, based on Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012) a literature review is placed after the introduction of a paper. Additionally, a literature review provides a brief overview of the relevant research, as well as applicable current research in that area of investigation, provides background information on the topic, and provides a solid formation for a topic (p. 112).)
- False (No, based on Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012)a literature review is placed after the introduction of a paper. Additionally, a literature review provides a brief overview of the relevant research, as well as applicable current research in that area of investigation, provides background information on the topic, and provides a solid formation for a topic (p. 112).)
A: True
Feedback: Solomon, Wilson, and Taylor (2012)

Q: A good application of the OR Command in a Boolean search is to connect __________________.
- Words on different levels of the taxonomic hierarchy (No, the OR operator is recommended to connect antonyms and synonyms on the same level of a hierarchy, not different levels of a hierarchy. (boy or girl or child). See 3.2.2 in Research Strategies.)
- Synonyms (Yes, the OR operator is recommended to connect antonyms and synonyms on the same level of a hierarchy, not different levels of a hierarchy. (boy or girl or child). See 3.2.2 in Research Strategies.)
- Different concepts (No, the OR operator is recommended to connect antonyms and synonyms on the same level of a hierarchy, not different levels of a hierarchy. (boy or girl or child). See 3.2.2 in Research Strategies.)
- Words you do not want (No, the OR operator is recommended to connect antonyms and synonyms on the same level of a hierarchy, not different levels of a hierarchy. (boy or girl or child). See 3.2.2 in Research Strategies.)
A: Synonyms

Q: In our discussion on information literacy, we defined data and information differently. How is data different from information?
- Each discipline uses the same kind of data, while every discipline looks at different types of information.
- The types of data are different in each academic discipline; therefore, a nurse gathers vital health information from a patient, while a social scientist gathers data with questionnaires and surveys. Types of information are the same in each discipline, since everyone searches for information in articles, books, reports, and websites.
- Data is gathered from articles, books, and websites, while information is collected from controlled laboratory experiments, surveys, opinion polls, case studies, and "texts."
A: The types of data are different in each academic discipline; therefore, a nurse gathers vital health information from a patient, while a social scientist gathers data with questionnaires and surveys. Types of information are the same in each discipline, since everyone searches for information in articles, books, reports, and websites.

Q: Research requires in-depth reading of articles and books on your topic. This type of close reading is done primarily to include you in the larger conversation going on between scholars in the field of discussion. Therefore, Badke's statement, "research is for gluttons" is correct.
- True (Incorrect. Badke's actually writes: "research is not for gluttons." He also writes: "Any book or article you read for research purposes must be used and left behind as quickly as possible, even though you can never take anything out of context. [...] Be ruthless. Read what you need and abandon the rest. It's your only hope" (Badke, 2014, pp. 189-190). See sections 8.1-8.1.2.)
- False (Correct. Badke's actually writes: "research is not for gluttons." He also writes: "Any book or article you read for research purposes must be used and left behind as quickly as possible, even though you can never take anything out of context. [...] Be ruthless. Read what you need and abandon the rest. It's your only hope"" (Badke, 2014, pp. 189-190).)
A: False

Q: What does hidden mean in the context of the Internet? Choose the best answer:
- It refers to any information carried on the World Wide Web that cannot be easily found with a web search engine. (See 6.6 in Research Strategies. (pp. 155-156))
- Any data concealed within the code of a webpage that does not manifest itself on the visible World Wide Web. (See 6.6 in Research Strategies. (pp. 155-156))
- It refers to the location of any hacker's node in relation to the World Wide Web. (See 6.6 in Research Strategies. (pp. 155-156))
- Any information concealed on the Internet that cannot be found without the assistance of a librarian. (See 6.6 in Research Strategies. (pp. 155-156))
A: It refers to any information carried on the World Wide Web that cannot be easily found with a web search engine.

Q: The information that is found on a .org domain is likely biased in favor of a cause and not necessarily for profit. Charitable, environmental, religious, and nonprofit organizations use .org web sites.
- True
- False
A: True
Feedback: See the Internet Domains handout or webpage.

Q: The digital object identifier (doi) is a barcode-like number that remains attached to an article and helps researchers find the electronic version of the article. Crossref.org lets you search with a doi to find a link to the full-text article connected to that doi.
- True (Yes, using http://www.crossref.org anyone can enter a doi and find the electronic version of the article, usually on the publisher's website.)
- False (Incorrect, using http://www.crossref.org anyone can enter a doi and find the electronic version of the article, usually on the publisher's website.)
A: True

Q: The .info Internet domain is for government web sites; the content is likely pro-government and generally contains accurate information.
- True (No this is not correct .info stands for Information. Information. This is an unrestricted domain. It can be used for any purpose by anyone.)
- False (Correct. This is an unrestricted domain. It can be used for any purpose by anyone; .info stands for Information.)
A: False

Q: Regardless of the amount of time you have before a paper is due, it is important to get organized.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: When conducting a keyword search and adding a different keyword to the search with the AND operator, will this generally increase or decrease your results?
- Connecting two different keywords with AND in an article database generally will return more results than a search with just one of those original keywords.
- Connecting two different keywords with AND in an article database generally will return fewer results than a search with just one of those original keywords.
- It depends.
A: Connecting two different keywords with AND in an article database generally will return fewer results than a search with just one of those original keywords.

Q: When you have a reference or information about an article, which of the following search tools may help you locate the full-text article?
- Journals by Title
- OneSearch
- Library catalog
- Google Scholar
A: Journals by Title; OneSearch; Library catalog; Google Scholar

Q: Look at the reference below. Identify the element in the boldface type.

Martin, Robert D. “Night Monkeys (Aotidae).” Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia, Ed. Michael Hutchins, et al. 2nd ed. Vol. 14: Mammals III, Gale, 2004, pp. 135-142. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Accessed 14 Oct. 2015.

Martin, R. D. (2004). Night monkeys (Aotidae). In M. Hutchins, R. W. Garrison, V. Geist, P. V. Loiselle, N. Schlager, M. C. McDade, . . . W. E. Duellman (Eds.), Grzimek's animal life encyclopedia (2nd ed., Vol. 14, pp. 135-142). Detroit, MI: Gale. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com/
- Author
- Date
- Book title
- Chapter, article, or entry title
- Editor, edition, volume
- Location
- Publisher
A: Book title

Q: Match the reference with the source type it represents or describes. The MLA references are given first.
- King, Patricia M., and Karen Strohm Kitchener. Developing Reflective Judgment: Understanding and Promoting Intellectual Growth and Critical Thinking in Adolescents and Adults. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1994. Print. King, P. M., & Kitchener, K. S. (1994). Developing reflective judgment: Understanding and promoting intellectual growth and critical thinking in adolescents and adults. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. | Book
- Bussard, Michelle. "The Nature of Clinical Judgment Development in Reflective Journals." Journal of Nursing Education 54.8 (2015): 451-454. Education Research Complete. Web. 11 Dec. 2015. Bussard, M. (2015). The nature of clinical judgment development in reflective journals. Journal of Nursing Education, 54(8), 451-454. doi:10.3928/01484834-20150717-05 | Scholarly article
- Palmer, C. Michael. "Intellectual Development of Preservice and Novice Music Educators: A Review of Two Models and Their Use in the Literature." Journal of Music Teacher Education 22.1 (2012): 50-62. Education Research Complete. Web. 11 Dec. 2015. Palmer, C. M. (2012). Intellectual development of preservice and novice music educators: A review of two models and their use in the literature. Journal of Music Teacher Education, 22(1), 50-62. doi:10.1177/1057083711422566 | Scholarly article
- Stanley, Sarah. "The Makeup Paradox." Psychology Today Sept. 2011: 27. Academic Search Complete. Web. 11 Dec. 2015. Stanley, S. (2011, September). The makeup paradox. Psychology Today, 44(5), 27. | Magazine article
- "Protection of Intellectual Property Rights Vital for Academic, Economic Growth." Daily Messenger (Pakistan) 24 Nov. 2015. Newspaper Source Plus. Web. 11 Dec. 2015. Protection of intellectual property rights vital for academic, economic growth. (2015, November 24). Daily Messenger (Pakistan). Retrieved from http://web.b.ebscohost.com | Newspaper article
Also offered: Website

Q: A thesis statement is a proposed answer to a research question.
- True
- False
A: True
Feedback: Badke, W. (2014). Research Strategies: Finding your Way through the Information Fog. 5th ed. Bloomington: Universe LLC. (p. 250-263)

Q: A "data record" is an extensive description of materials found in a campus library.
- True (Incorrect. A data "record" is a short description of the data. Each record describes a book in the library holdings or an article in the databases. Typically, a record shows the title, author, subject headings, publication information, abstract/contents, etc. for books or articles.)
- False (Correct. A data "record" is a short description of the data. Each record describes a book in the library holdings or an article in the databases. Typically, a record shows the title, author, subject headings, publication information, abstract/contents, etc. for books or articles.)
A: False

Q: How should titles of books or articles be written in MLA and APA style?
- All important words of the title should be capitalized in MLA, while only the first word of the title and of the subtitle, if any, and any proper nouns should be capitalized in APA. (Yes. All important words of the title should be capitalized in MLA (128), while only the first word of the title and of the subtitle, if any, and any proper nouns should be capitalized in APA (p. 185).)
- All important words of the title should be capitalized in MLA and APA styles. (Yes. All important words of the title should be capitalized in MLA (128), while only the first word of the title and of the subtitle, if any, and any proper nouns should be capitalized in APA (p. 185).)
- All books and all article titles in both APA and MLA should be italicized.
- All books and all article titles in both APA and MLA should be in Roman font (regular up-and-down font).
- In both of the APA and MLA styles, book titles should be italicized and article titles should be in Roman font.
A: All important words of the title should be capitalized in MLA, while only the first word of the title and of the subtitle, if any, and any proper nouns should be capitalized in APA.; In both of the APA and MLA styles, book titles should be italicized and article titles should be in Roman font.

Q: For an entry in an encyclopedia, which of the following bibliographic references are formatted correctly in the MLA and APA styles?

Note: The first reference is the "MLA" reference (8th ed.), while the second one is the "APA" reference (6th ed.).
- Cuddon, J. A. “Irony.” The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory, revised by C. E. Preston, 4th ed., Penguin, 1998. Cuddon, J. A. (1998). Irony. In C. E. Preston (Ed.), The Penguin dictionary of literary terms and literary theory (4th ed., pp. 427-432). New York, NY: Penguin Books. (Yes, see 7.02 in the APA manual and p. 35 in the MLA Handbook.)
- Cuddon, J. A. Irony. The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory. C. E. Preston. 4th ed. New York, NY: Penguin Books, 1998. Cuddon, J. A. (1998). "Irony." In C. E. Preston, The Penguin dictionary of literary terms and literary theory (4th ed., pp. 427-432). New York: Penguin. (No, see 7.02 in the APA manual and p. 35 in the MLA Handbook.)
- Cuddon, J. A. “Irony.” The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory. Rev. C. E. Preston. 4th ed. Print. Cuddon, J. A. (1998). Irony. In C. E. Preston (Ed.), The Penguin dictionary of literary terms and literary theory (4th ed., pp. 427-432). (No, see 7.02 in the APA manual and p. 35 in the MLA Handbook.)
- Cuddon, J. A. “Irony.” The Penguin dictionary of literary terms and literary theory. Rev. C. E. Preston. Fourth edition. New York: Penguin, 1998. Cuddon, J. A. (1998). "Irony." In C. E. Preston (Ed.), The Penguin dictionary of literary terms and literary theory (Fourth edition, pages 427-432). New York, NY: Penguin Books. (No, see 7.02 in the APA manual and p. 35 in the MLA Handbook.)
A: Cuddon, J. A. “Irony.” The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory, revised by C. E. Preston, 4th ed., Penguin, 1998. Cuddon, J. A. (1998). Irony. In C. E. Preston (Ed.), The Penguin dictionary of literary terms and literary theory (4th ed., pp. 427-432). New York, NY: Penguin Books.

Q: What does it mean to use data as a tool?
- Find out everything you can about a topic and explain what you have learned. (No, this is the "data as a goal" concept. Using "data as a tool" means to gather basic information about your topic, identify a problem or issue related to that topic, and use the data you gathered to try and solve that problem or issue.)
- Gather basic information about your topic, identify a problem or issue related to that topic, and explain what you learned from the sources you found. (No, using "data as a tool" means to gather basic information about your topic, identify a problem or issue related to that topic, and use the data you gathered to try and solve that problem or issue.)
- Gather basic information about your topic, identify a problem or issue related to that topic, and use the data you gathered to try and solve that problem or issue. (Yes, using "data as a tool" means to gather basic information about your topic, identify a problem or issue related to that topic, and use the data you gathered to try and solve that problem or issue. Using "data as a goal" means to find out everything you can about a topic and explain what you have learned. No, this is the "data as a goal" concept. Using "data as a tool" means to gather basic information about your topic, identify a problem or issue related to that topic, and use the data you gathered to try and solve that problem or issue.)
A: Gather basic information about your topic, identify a problem or issue related to that topic, and use the data you gathered to try and solve that problem or issue.

Q: In both the APA and the MLA styles, how should the date for scholarly journal articles be formatted in a bibliographic reference?
- In italics immediately after the author's name in APA and after the volume and issue numbers in MLA. (Incorrect. The date should appear within parentheses immediately after the author's name in APA and after the volume and issue numbers in MLA, though not inside parentheses.)
- In boldface font immediately after the author's name in MLA and after the volume and issue numbers in APA. (Incorrect. The date should appear within parentheses immediately after the author's name in APA and after the volume and issue numbers in MLA, though not inside parentheses.)
- Within parentheses immediately after the author's name in APA and after the volume and issue numbers in MLA, though not inside parentheses. (Correct. Within parentheses immediately after the author's name in APA and after the volume and issue numbers in MLA, though not inside parentheses.)
- Written out in English (Example: Two thousand ten) immediately after the author's name in MLA and after the volume and issue numbers in APA. (Incorrect. The date should appear within parentheses immediately after the author's name in APA and after the volume and issue numbers in MLA, though not inside parentheses.)
- Wherever you want to put it. (Incorrect. The date should appear within parentheses immediately after the author's name in APA and after the volume and issue numbers in MLA, though not inside parentheses.)
A: Within parentheses immediately after the author's name in APA and after the volume and issue numbers in MLA, though not inside parentheses.

Q: Which of the following shows a scholarly journal article formatted correctly in the MLA 8th edition and APA 6th edition? MLA references are shown first followed by the APA references.
- Piper, Andrew. "Rethinking the Print Object: Goethe and the Book of Everything." PMLA, vol. 121, no 1, 2006, pp. 124-38. [MLA] Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24, 225-229. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225 [APA]
- Piper, Andrew. Print. "Rethinking the print object: Goethe and the book of everything." PMLA, vol. 121, no. 1, 2006, pp. 124-38. [MLA] Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Volunteer Support, Marital Status, and the Survival Times of Terminally Ill Patients. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225 Health Psychology, 24, 225-229. [APA]
- Piper, Andrew. (2006). "Rethinking the Print Object: Goethe and the Book of Everything." PMLA 121.1: 124-38. Print. [MLA] Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24, (2005): 225-229. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225 [APA]
- Piper, Andrew. Rethinking the Print Object: Goethe and the Book of Everything, PMLA, vol. 121, no. 1, 2006, pp. 124-38. Print. [MLA] Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). "Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients." Health Psychology, 24, pp. 225-229. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225 [APA]
A: Piper, Andrew. "Rethinking the Print Object: Goethe and the Book of Everything." PMLA, vol. 121, no 1, 2006, pp. 124-38. [MLA] Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24, 225-229. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225 [APA]

Q: William Badke writes: "On the Internet, anybody who wants to say anything has the chance to say it." How does he suggest we decide whether or not the information we find is reliable or not? Select all the apply.
- Search for the author or organization responsible for the information.
- Find out when the information was published on the Internet.
- Look for signs of scholarship.
- Ask yourself if the information has been peer reviewed or refereed.
- Ask yourself if the author of the site has a vested interest in promoting a viewpoint or is he/she simply sharing information.
- Look for signs of a lack of scholarship
A: Search for the author or organization responsible for the information.; Look for signs of scholarship.; Ask yourself if the author of the site has a vested interest in promoting a viewpoint or is he/she simply sharing information.; Look for signs of a lack of scholarship

Q: According to William Badke, what is Google Scholar? Choose the best answer.
- It is a database of current and relevant dissertations and theses.
- It is a search engine devoted to books, journal articles, conference proceedings, and academic websites found on the World Wide Web.
- It is a search engine for academic and scientific information that offers immediate and easy access to free full-text information on the World Wide Web.
A: It is a search engine devoted to books, journal articles, conference proceedings, and academic websites found on the World Wide Web.
Feedback: According to William Badke, what is Google Scholar? Choose the best answer.

Q: Which of the following shows a scholarly journal article formatted correctly in the MLA 8th edition and APA 6th edition? MLA references are shown first followed by the APA references.
- Piper, Andrew. "Rethinking the Print Object: Goethe and the Book of Everything." PMLA, vol. 121, no. 1, 2006, pp. 124-38. [MLA] Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24, 225-229. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225 [APA]
- Piper, Andrew. Print. "Rethinking the print object: Goethe and the book of everything." PMLA, vol. 121, no. 1, 2006, pp. 124-38. [MLA] Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Volunteer Support, Marital Status, and the Survival Times of Terminally Ill Patients. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225 Health Psychology, 24, 225-229. [APA]
- Piper, Andrew. (2006). "Rethinking the Print Object: Goethe and the Book of Everything." PMLA 121.1: 124-38. Print. [MLA] Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24, (2005): 225-229. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225 [APA]
- Piper, Andrew. Rethinking the Print Object: Goethe and the Book of Everything, PMLA, vol. 121, no. 1, 2006, pp. 124-38. Print. [MLA] Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). "Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients." Health Psychology, 24, pp. 225-229. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225 [APA]
A: Piper, Andrew. "Rethinking the Print Object: Goethe and the Book of Everything." PMLA, vol. 121, no. 1, 2006, pp. 124-38. [MLA] Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24, 225-229. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225 [APA]

Q: Government reports as well as technical or research reports do not often include the names of individuals as the authors. What should be included at the beginning of a bibliographic reference for a government publication where we usually see the author's name or authors' names? The answer is the same in both the MLA handbook and the APA manual.
- The name of the report (No, the name of the government agency or association should be listed first, since they are the authors.)
- The date (No, the name of the government agency or association should be listed first, since they are the authors.)
- The name of the government agency or association (Yes, the name of the government agency or association should be listed first, since they are the authors.)
- The place of publication (No, the name of the government agency or association should be listed first, since they are the authors.)
A: The name of the government agency or association

Q: Which of the following correctly formats or documents the government document? The APA reference is provided first, and the MLA reference is given second.
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. (2011). Understanding prostate changes: A health guide for men (NIH Publication No. 11-4303). Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/understanding-prostate-changes/prostate-booklet.pdf United States. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Natl. Inst. of Health. Natl. Cancer Inst. Understanding Prostate Changes: A Health Guide for Men. Natl. Cancer Inst., Aug. 2011. Web. 24 Mar. 2016. (Correct!)
- United States. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. (2011). Understanding prostate changes: A health guide for men (NIH Publication No. 11-4303). Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/understanding-prostate-changes/prostate-booklet.pdf U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Natl. Inst. of Health. Natl. Cancer Inst. "Understanding Prostate Changes: A Health Guide for Men." Natl. Cancer Inst., Aug. 2011. Web. 24 Mar. 2016. (Incorrect. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. (2011). Understanding prostate changes: A health guide for men (NIH Publication No. 11-4303). Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/understanding-prostate-changes/prostate-booklet.pdf United States. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Natl. Inst. of Health. Natl. Cancer Inst. Understanding Prostate Changes: A Health Guide for Men. Natl. Cancer Inst., Aug. 2011. Web. 24 Mar. 2016.)
- (2011). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. Understanding prostate changes: A health guide for men. Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/understanding-prostate-changes/prostate-booklet.pdf United States. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Natl. Inst. of Health. Natl. Cancer Inst. Understanding Prostate Changes: A Health Guide for Men. Web. (Incorrect. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. (2011). Understanding prostate changes: A health guide for men (NIH Publication No. 11-4303). Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/understanding-prostate-changes/prostate-booklet.pdf United States. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Natl. Inst. of Health. Natl. Cancer Inst. Understanding Prostate Changes: A Health Guide for Men. Natl. Cancer Inst., Aug. 2011. Web. 24 Mar. 2016.)
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. (2011). Understanding Prostate Changes: A Health Guide for Men (NIH Publication No. 11-4303). Natl. Cancer Inst., Aug. 2011. Web. 24 Mar. 2016. United States. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Natl. Inst. of Health. Natl. Cancer Inst. Understanding Prostate Changes: A Health Guide For Men. Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/understanding-prostate-changes/prostate-booklet.pdf (Incorrect. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. (2011). Understanding prostate changes: A health guide for men (NIH Publication No. 11-4303). Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/understanding-prostate-changes/prostate-booklet.pdf United States. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Natl. Inst. of Health. Natl. Cancer Inst. Understanding Prostate Changes: A Health Guide for Men. Natl. Cancer Inst., Aug. 2011. Web. 24 Mar. 2016.)
A: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. (2011). Understanding prostate changes: A health guide for men (NIH Publication No. 11-4303). Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/understanding-prostate-changes/prostate-booklet.pdf United States. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Natl. Inst. of Health. Natl. Cancer Inst. Understanding Prostate Changes: A Health Guide for Men. Natl. Cancer Inst., Aug. 2011. Web. 24 Mar. 2016.

Q: Which of the following references correctly documents a YouTube video? APA references are shown first, and MLA references are shown second.
- [APA] Memorial University Libraries. (2013, Sept. 11). APA Style Reference List: How To Reference Websites [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tNfa2zVuWE [MLA] Memorial University Libraries. “APA style reference list: How to reference websites.” YouTube. YouTube.com, 11 September 2013. Web. 31 Mar. 2017.
- [APA] Memorial University Libraries. (2013, September 11). APA style reference list: How to reference websites [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tNfa2zVuWE [MLA] Memorial University Libraries. “APA Style Reference List: How to Reference Websites.” YouTube, 11 Sept. 2013, www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tNfa2zVuWE. Accessed 31 Mar. 2017.
- [APA] APA style reference list: How to reference websites. Memorial University Libraries. (2013, September 11). [Video file]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tNfa2zVuWE [MLA] “APA Style Reference List: How to Reference Websites.” Memorial University Libraries. YouTube, 11 Sept. 2013. 31 Mar. 2017.
- [APA] Memorial University Libraries. (2013, September 11). APA style reference list: How to reference websites. YouTube.com [MLA] Memorial University Libraries. “APA Style Reference List: How to Reference Websites.” YouTube. YouTube.com, 11 Sept. 2013. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tNfa2zVuWE
A: [APA] Memorial University Libraries. (2013, September 11). APA style reference list: How to reference websites [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tNfa2zVuWE [MLA] Memorial University Libraries. “APA Style Reference List: How to Reference Websites.” YouTube, 11 Sept. 2013, www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tNfa2zVuWE. Accessed 31 Mar. 2017.

Q: Which of the following magazine articles are documented correctly? The APA references appear first, and the MLA references appear second.
- [APA] Sheehan, J. (2015, August). Keeping the farm. Sports Illustrated, 123(7), 57. Retrieved from http://libpublic3.library.isu.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=108995727&site=ehost-live [MLA] Sheehan, Joe. "Keeping the Farm." Sports Illustrated 123.7 (2015): 57. Academic Search Complete. 1 Apr. 2017.
- [APA] Sheehan, J. (2015, August). Keeping the Farm. Sports Illustrated, 123(7), p. 57. Retrieved from http://libpublic3.library.isu.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=108995727&site=ehost-live [MLA] Sheehan, Joe. "Keeping the Farm." Sports Illustrated, vol. 57, no. 1, Apr. 2016. Academic Search Complete. 24 Aug. 2015.
- [APA] Sheehan, J. (2015, August). Keeping the farm. Sports Illustrated, 123(7), 57. Retrieved from http://libpublic3.library.isu.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=108995727&site=ehost-live [MLA] Sheehan, Joe. "Keeping the Farm." Sports Illustrated, vol. 75, no. 1, 24 Aug. 2015, p. 57. Academic Search Complete, www.isu.edu/library. Accessed 31 Mar. 2017.
- [APA] Sheehan, J. (2015). Keeping the farm. Sports Illustrated, 123(7), 57. Retrieved from http://libpublic3.library.isu.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=108995727&site=ehost-live [MLA] Sheehan, J. Keeping the farm. Sports Illustrated, 24 Aug. 2015: 57. Academic Search Complete. Accessed 31 Mar. 2017.
A: [APA] Sheehan, J. (2015, August). Keeping the farm. Sports Illustrated, 123(7), 57. Retrieved from http://libpublic3.library.isu.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=108995727&site=ehost-live [MLA] Sheehan, Joe. "Keeping the Farm." Sports Illustrated, vol. 75, no. 1, 24 Aug. 2015, p. 57. Academic Search Complete, www.isu.edu/library. Accessed 31 Mar. 2017.

Q: Why is copyright important? Choose the best answer.
- It gives authors, musicians, software programmers, architects, and others the ability to control the use of their work for a limited time. (Yes, it gives authors and others the ability or right under the law to control the use of their work for a limited time.)
- It gives inventors the opportunity to manufacture their inventions first and to profit from their production. (No, it gives authors the ability or right under the law to control the use of their work for a limited time. A patent may give inventors the rights to their inventions.)
- It protects the rights of a company to mark their products with a recognizable symbol or name. (No, it gives authors the ability or right under the law to control the use of their work for a limited time. Companies may protect their product logos through trademark law.)
- It limits the number of people that can obtain the information. (No, it gives authors the ability or right under the law to control the use of their work for a limited time.)
A: It gives authors, musicians, software programmers, architects, and others the ability to control the use of their work for a limited time.

Q: In his book, Research Strategies, Badke claims that the trouble with an open-ended question is:
- that it kills your focus or at least broadens it into something too big to deal with, because you are trying to answer too many questions. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text. The multi-part question is one that it kills your focus or at least broadens it into something too big to deal with, because you are trying to answer too many questions.)
- that professors will wonder what the purpose of your paper is. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text. The question is not there is one that professors will wonder what the purpose of your paper is. It will have data as the goal where the student regurgitates information the professor may already know.)
- that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers and destroys any hope of the paper having a single-minded goal. (Yes, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 38-39 in the text.)
- that it isn't clear enough to make it possible to answer. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text. The fuzzy question is one that it isn't clear enough to make it possible to answer.)
- that it tries to answer questions that the data simply will not answer. (No, the trouble with an open-ended question is that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers. See pages 34-36 in the text. The question that will not fly tries to answer questions that the data simply will not answer.)
A: that it fragments your conclusion into many possible answers and destroys any hope of the paper having a single-minded goal.

Enter a single Boolean search statement correctly, combining at least five out of the six kinds of operators, characters, or symbols: and, or, not, proximity operator, wildcard character, and truncation code. Enter this search statement on one line.

Remember to include parentheses when it is appropriate to do so.
Feedback: One point for each operator or code, and one point if parentheses or other syntax items are used correctly or spelling is correct.

Q: What is the theory behind different documentation styles? In other words, why are there multiple ways to document and cite sources?
- To lead others to your sources, so they can learn even more about the topic (No, documentation styles reflect the needs of the different academic disciplines, the nature of academic information, and the conventions, rules, standards, or practices of scholarship)
- Documentation styles reflect the needs of the different academic disciplines, the nature of academic information, and the conventions, rules, standards, or practices of scholarship (Yes, documentation styles reflect the needs of the different academic disciplines, the nature of academic information, and the conventions, rules, standards, or practices of scholarship)
- Documenting sources of information gives credit where credit is due and promotes academic honesty (No, documentation styles reflect the needs of the different academic disciplines, the nature of academic information, and the conventions, rules, standards, or practices of scholarship)
- Some people decided to format references and citations according to their own personal preferences and others liked how they did it (No, documentation styles reflect the needs of the different academic disciplines, the nature of academic information, and the conventions, rules, standards, or practices of scholarship)
A: Documentation styles reflect the needs of the different academic disciplines, the nature of academic information, and the conventions, rules, standards, or practices of scholarship

Q: According to William Badke, what is Google Scholar? Choose the best answer.
- It is a database of current, relevant dissertations and theses for serious researchers that is available to the public on the World Wide Web.
- It is a search engine devoted to scholarly literature such as books, journal articles, conference proceedings, and academic websites found on the World Wide Web.
- It is a search engine for academic and scientific information that always offers immediate and easy access to free full-text articles and information on the World Wide Web.
A: It is a search engine devoted to scholarly literature such as books, journal articles, conference proceedings, and academic websites found on the World Wide Web.

Q: What does hidden or invisible mean in the context of the Internet? Choose the best answer:
- It refers to any information carried on the World Wide Web that cannot be easily found with a web search engine. (See 6.6 in Research Strategies. (pp. 155-156))
- Any data concealed within the code of a webpage that does not manifest itself on the visible World Wide Web. Example: <!--Text made invisible.--> (See 6.6 in Research Strategies. (pp. 155-156))
- It refers to the location of any hacker's node in relation to the World Wide Web. (See 6.6 in Research Strategies. (pp. 155-156))
- Any information concealed on the Internet that cannot be found without the assistance of a librarian. (See 6.6 in Research Strategies. (pp. 155-156))
A: It refers to any information carried on the World Wide Web that cannot be easily found with a web search engine.

Q: The digital object identifier (doi) is a barcode-like number that remains attached to an article and helps researchers find the electronic version of the article on the World Wide Web. Crossref.org lets you search with a doi to find a link to the full-text article connected to that doi. Currently, most doi numbers are shared as part of a web address or URL.
- True (Yes, using http://www.crossref.org anyone can enter a doi and find the electronic version of the article, usually on the publisher's website. Currently, most doi numbers are shared as part of a web address or URL.)
- False (Incorrect, using http://www.crossref.org anyone can enter a doi and find the electronic version of the article, usually on the publisher's website.)
A: True

Q: The .info Internet domain is for government web sites; the content is likely pro-government and generally contains accurate information.
- True (No this is not correct .info stands for Information. Information. This is an unrestricted domain. It can be used for any purpose by anyone. The government uses the .gov Internet domain.)
- False (Correct. This is an unrestricted domain. It can be used for any purpose by anyone; .info stands for Information. The government uses the .gov Internet domain.)
A: False

Q: When conducting a keyword search and adding a different keyword to the search with the AND operator, what usually happens to your number of results?
- Connecting two different keywords with AND in an article database generally will return more results than a search with just one of those original keywords.
- Connecting two different keywords with AND in an article database generally will return fewer results than a search with just one of those original keywords.
- It depends.
A: Connecting two different keywords with AND in an article database generally will return fewer results than a search with just one of those original keywords.

Q: What does a proximity operator tell the database to do? Examples of proximity operators: N4, N3, W2. Select the best answer that is always true.
- Find two keywords in records where they are close together.
- Find words with multiple endings in the database records.
- Replace one or zero letters of a word, so the database can find multiple spellings of that word.
- Find more results for you.
- Find fewer results for you.
A: Find two keywords in records where they are close together.

Q: What does a wildcard character do? Examples of wildcard characters in the EBSCOhost article databases: ?, #.
- Find two keywords in records where they are close together.
- Find words with multiple endings in database records.
- Replace one or zero letters of a word, so the database can find multiple spellings of a word.
- Reduce the number of results in your search by excluding a particular word.
A: Replace one or zero letters of a word, so the database can find multiple spellings of a word.

Q: When can original works be used or copied under the "fair use" doctrine?
- When used in a parody or comic reprisal of a well-known work.
- When used in news reporting.
- When only a small portion is being used that is not the heart of the work.
- When used in comments or criticism.
- All of the above may constitute fair use of an original work.
A: All of the above may constitute fair use of an original work.

Q: What is the information cycle or publication timeline, and how can understanding it be useful?
- The information cycle is the progression of media coverage of a newsworthy event, helps students better know what kind of information is available on their topics, and makes it easier to understand and evaluate sources of information.
- The information cycle helps us to know when information gets evaluated by others, allowing students to apply the CRAAP Test better.
- The information cycle refers to the way in which the news is shared on TV, the radio, and in newspapers; this helps us understand that news items often do not include all the facts.
- The information cycle refers to the amount of time that must go by before an author's work can be used freely by the public for commercial, public, or private use. If we follow these guidelines we may avoid court cases and imposed fines.
A: The information cycle is the progression of media coverage of a newsworthy event, helps students better know what kind of information is available on their topics, and makes it easier to understand and evaluate sources of information.

Q: When you have a reference or information about an article, which of the following search tools may help you locate the full-text article in either print or electronic formats?
- Journals by Title
- OneSearch
- Library catalog
- Google Scholar
A: Journals by Title; OneSearch; Library catalog; Google Scholar

Q: Match the reference with the source type it represents or describes. The MLA references are given first.
- King, Patricia M., and Karen Strohm Kitchener. Developing Reflective Judgment: Understanding and Promoting Intellectual Growth and Critical Thinking in Adolescents and Adults. Jossey-Bass, 1994. King, P. M., & Kitchener, K. S. (1994). Developing reflective judgment: Understanding and promoting intellectual growth and critical thinking in adolescents and adults. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. | Book
- Bussard, Michelle. "The Nature of Clinical Judgment Development in Reflective Journals." Journal of Nursing Education, vol. 54 no. 8, 2015, pp. 451-454. Education Research Complete, isu.edu/library. Accessed 11 Dec. 2015. Bussard, M. (2015). The nature of clinical judgment development in reflective journals. Journal of Nursing Education, 54(8), 451-454. doi:10.3928/01484834-20150717-05 | Scholarly article
- Palmer, C. Michael. "Intellectual Development of Preservice and Novice Music Educators: A Review of Two Models and Their Use in the Literature." Journal of Music Teacher Education, vol. 22 no. 1, 2012, pp. 50-62. Education Research Complete, isu.edu/library. Accessed 11 Dec. 2015. Palmer, C. M. (2012). Intellectual development of preservice and novice music educators: A review of two models and their use in the literature. Journal of Music Teacher Education, 22(1), 50-62. doi:10.1177/1057083711422566 | Scholarly article
- Stanley, Sarah. "The Makeup Paradox." Psychology Today, Sept. 2011, p. 27. Academic Search Complete, isu.edu/library. Accessed 11 Dec. 2015. Stanley, S. (2011, September). The makeup paradox. Psychology Today, 44(5), 27. | Magazine article
- "Protection of Intellectual Property Rights Vital for Academic, Economic Growth." Daily Messenger (Pakistan), 24 Nov. 2015. Newspaper Source Plus, isu.edu/library. Accessed 11 Dec. 2015. Protection of intellectual property rights vital for academic, economic growth. (2015, November 24). Daily Messenger (Pakistan). Retrieved from http://isu.edu/library | Newspaper article
Also offered: Website

Q: Which part of the reference below is highlighted?

Griffiths, E. (2010). Clearing the misty landscape: Teaching students what they didn't know then, but know now. College Teaching, 58(1), 32-37. Retrieved from http://isu.edu/library. [APA reference]

Griffiths, Elizabeth. "Clearing the Misty Landscape: Teaching Students What They Didn't Know Then, but Know Now." College Teaching, vol. 58, no.1, 2010, pp. 32-37. Academic Search Complete, isu.edu/library. Accessed 1 May 2017.  [MLA reference]
- Author's name
- Date
- Article title
- Journal title
- Volume, issue, and page numbers
A: Journal title

Q: Which factors are the principal reasons for the ever-shrinking buying power of academic libraries?
- The open-access movement and high inflationary costs
- High inflationary costs and static or decreasing library budgets
- The prestige of academic journals as well as library budgets that stay the same or get cut
A: High inflationary costs and static or decreasing library budgets

Q: According to one of the videos shared in the Moodle class, why was the Internet developed?
- To make it so that libraries could send and receive catalog records across the country using Z39.0 technology. (Incorrect. Libraries have been connected to each other for many years and shared catalog records using Z39.0 technology; however, the correct answer to this question is that the Internet was developed to maintain communications among the United States military personnel in case of a major attack.)
- To establish Internet exchanges so that different providers could send and receive information for their customers. (Incorrect. Internet exchanges may have developed some time after the first Internet networks were developed, so the correct answer to this question is that the Internet was developed to maintain communications among the United States military personnel in case of a major attack.)
- To maintain communications among the United States military personnel in case of a major nuclear attack. (Yes, the correct answer to this question is that the Internet was developed to maintain communications among the United States military personnel in case of a major attack. If one segment of the Internet does not work, messages can still be sent and received along different routes.)
- To put the television companies out of business. (Incorrect. At the time I imagine most, if not all, of the military personnel had no idea how far reaching the Internet technology would go and be used by people around the world in their own homes. The correct answer to this question is that the Internet was developed to maintain communications among the United States military personnel in case of a major attack.)
- So that the world could enjoy watching cat videos every day. (Incorrect. As interesting as cat videos may be, the correct answer to this question is that the Internet was developed to maintain communications among the United States military personnel in case of a major attack.)
A: To maintain communications among the United States military personnel in case of a major nuclear attack.

Q: According to the "Evaluating Information: Applying the CRAAP Test," in which category should the following question be placed:

- Would you be comfortable using this source for a research paper?
- Currency
- Relevance
- Authority
- Accuracy
- Purpose
A: Relevance

Q: Both scholarly articles and magazines are popular literature.
- True
- False
A: False

Choose between one of the three options given below:

- Option One: How does knowing about copyright, academic honesty, and the cost of information help someone become information literate? Which information literacy standard talks about or refers to these concepts? Minimum: 150 words
- Option Two: Briefly describe a time in the last two or three months when you have used information-literacy skills to get something done. Be sure to include in your description how you used the five information-literacy skills/standards. Minimum: 150 words
- Option Three: Is it important to know about the cost or economics of information, the ethical or legal uses of information, and social uses of information? Why or why not? Minimum: 150 words

Q: Which of the following terms describes the kind of things researchers may gather and then interpret, such as temperatures, number of frogs, dates, times, weather conditions, names of historic figures, etc.?
- Information (No, data describes the the kind of things researchers may gather and then interpret, such as temperatures, number of frogs, dates, times, weather conditions, names of historic figures, etc. They are the building blocks of information.)
- Data (Yes, data are the kinds of things researchers may gather and then interpret, such as temperatures, number of frogs, dates, times, weather conditions, names of historic figures, etc. Once data is interpreted it becomes information.)
- Knowledge (No, data describes the the kind of things researchers may gather and then interpret, such as temperatures, number of frogs, dates, times, weather conditions, names of historic figures, etc. They are the building blocks of information. Knowledge refers to something an individual knows through study or personal experience.)
- Wisdom (No, data describes the the kind of things researchers may gather and then interpret, such as temperatures, number of frogs, dates, times, weather conditions, names of historic figures, etc. They are the building blocks of information. Wisdom may be the proper application of our knowledge.)
A: Data

Q: Which of the following terms describes something shared between two people that they believe to be true?
- Information (Yes. Information is something true to the sender and the receiver.)
- Misinformation (No. Information is something true to the sender and the receiver.)
- Disinformation (No. Information is something true to the sender and the receiver.)
- Non-information (No. Information is something true to the sender and the receiver.)
A: Information

Q: Before sharing something that may or may not be true, what should you do?
- Share it anyway. People on social media do not care if things are true or not (Incorrect. Verifying to see if something is true is recommended.)
- Play eeny, meeny, miney, moe to determine whether or not you should share something online. (Incorrect. While this may work to "objectively" select a team mate, it is recommended that you look for other sources of information that can confirm the truthfulness of the information.)
- Look for other sources of information that can confirm the truthfulness of the information. (Correct. It is recommended that you look for other sources of information that can confirm or prove the truthfulness of the information.)
A: Look for other sources of information that can confirm the truthfulness of the information.

Q: According to the video, what are three reasons why information-literacy is important?
- Information-literacy skills are needed on the job in today's work environment
- Information-literacy skills can save you both time and money throughout your life.
- Information-literacy skills help individuals deal with complex aspects of life in today's world.
A: Information-literacy skills are needed on the job in today's work environment; Information-literacy skills can save you both time and money throughout your life.; Information-literacy skills help individuals deal with complex aspects of life in today's world.

Q: Which of the following information-literacy skills deals with reading the information, comparing information sources, thinking about how the information should be used, and adding the information to what you already know?
- Determining the nature and extent of the information you need (Incorrect. Evaluating and incorporating information into your knowledge base involves reading the information, comparing information sources, thinking about how the information should be used, and adding the information to what you already know.)
- Accessing information effectively and efficiently (Incorrect. Evaluating and incorporating information into your knowledge base involves reading the information, comparing information sources, thinking about how the information should be used, and adding the information to what you already know.)
- Evaluating the information and incorporating it into your knowledge base (Correct. Evaluating and incorporating information into your knowledge base involves reading the information, comparing information sources, thinking about how the information should be used, and adding the information to what you already know.)
- Using the information to accomplish a task (Incorrect. Evaluating and incorporating information into your knowledge base involves reading the information, comparing information sources, thinking about how the information should be used, and adding the information to what you already know.)
- Understanding the legal, ethical, social, and economic aspects of information (Incorrect. Evaluating and incorporating information into your knowledge base involves reading the information, comparing information sources, thinking about how the information should be used, and adding the information to what you already know.)
A: Evaluating the information and incorporating it into your knowledge base

Q: According to the video, which of the following information-literacy skills may be the most important?
- Determining the nature and extent of the information you need (Incorrect. The point of each information-literacy skill is to accomplish a goal, so getting the job done correctly is the most important thing.)
- Accessing information effectively and efficiently (Incorrect. The point of each information-literacy skill is to accomplish a goal, so getting the job done correctly is the most important thing.)
- Evaluating the information and incorporating it into your knowledge base (Incorrect. The point of each information-literacy skill is to accomplish a goal, so getting the job done correctly is the most important thing.)
- Using information effectively to accomplish a specific purpose (Correct. The point of each information-literacy skill is to accomplish a goal, so getting the job done correctly is the most important thing.)
- Understanding the legal, ethical, social, and economic aspects of information (Incorrect. The point of each information-literacy skill is to accomplish a goal, so getting the job done correctly is the most important thing.)
A: Using information effectively to accomplish a specific purpose

Q: What is the final project for this class?
- A ten-page research paper (Nope, you can breathe a sigh of relief.)
- There is no final project, just a final exam (Incorrect. Correct answer: Annotated bibliography and a short online presentation)
- Annotated bibliography and a short online presentation (Yes, this is correct.)
A: Annotated bibliography and a short online presentation

Q: True of False:

According to Badke (2014), the main parts of a book citation are as follows: author, title, publisher, place of publication, and date.
- True
- False
A: True

Q: True or False:

According to Badke (2014), the primary elements in a book chapter's citation is: author, title of chapter, title of book, book editor, publisher, place of publication, date, and page numbers.
- True
- False
A: True